2: Students know and understand common properties, forms, and changes in matter and energy.

2.1: elements can be organized by their physical and chemical properties (Periodic Table)

Electron Configuration

2.3: there are observable and measurable physical and chemical properties that allow you to compare, contrast, and separate substances (for example: pH, melting point, conductivity, magnetic attraction)

Circuit Builder
Density Experiment: Slice and Dice
pH Analysis

2.5: quantitative relationships involved with thermal energy can be identified, measured, calculated and analyzed (for example: heat transfer in a system involving mass, specific heat, and change in temperature of matter)

Calorimetry Lab
Energy Conversion in a System

2.7: light and sound waves have distinct properties; frequency, wavelengths and amplitude

Longitudinal Waves
Refraction
Ripple Tank

2.8: quantities that demonstrate conservation of mass and conservation of energy in physical interactions can be measured and calculated

Air Track
Chemical Changes
Energy Conversion in a System
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects

2.9: Newton?s Three Laws of Motion explain the relationship between the forces acting on an object, the object?s mass, and changes in its motion

Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics

3: Students know and understand the characteristics and structure of living things, the processes of life, and how living things interact with each other and their environment.

3.2: there is a relationship between the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration (for example: in terms of energy and products)

Cell Energy Cycle

3.3: there is a purpose of synthesis and breakdown of macromolecules in an organism (for example: carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids serve as building blocks of proteins; carbon dioxide and water are the basic materials for building sugars through photosynthesis)

Cell Energy Cycle

3.5: the human body functions in terms of interacting organ systems composed of specialized structures that maintain or restore health (for example: mechanisms involved in homeostasis [balance], such as feedback in the endocrine system)

Digestive System
Human Homeostasis

3.6: changes in an ecosystem can affect biodiversity and biodiversity contributes to an ecosystem's dynamic equilibrium

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors
Coral Reefs 2 - Biotic Factors

3.7: there is a cycling of matter (for example: carbon, nitrogen) and the movement and change of energy through the ecosystem (for example: some energy dissipates as heat as it is transferred through a food web)

Carbon Cycle
Cell Energy Cycle
Food Chain
Forest Ecosystem

3.8: certain properties of water sustain life (for example: polarity, cohesion, solubility)

Solubility and Temperature

3.9: cellular organelles have specific functions (for example: the relationship of ribosomes to protein, and the relationship of mitochondria to energy transformation)

Cell Structure
RNA and Protein Synthesis

3.1: the pattern/process of reproduction and development is specific to different organisms

Cell Division

3.11: DNA has a general structure and function and a role in heredity and protein synthesis (for example: replication of DNA and the role of RNA in protein synthesis)

RNA and Protein Synthesis

3.12: genes serve as the vehicle for genetic continuity and the source of genetic diversity upon which natural selection can act

Evolution: Mutation and Selection
Evolution: Natural and Artificial Selection

3.13: some traits can be inherited while others are due to the interaction of genes and the environment (for example: skin cancer triggered by over- exposure to sunlight or contact with chemical carcinogens)

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Mouse Genetics (One Trait)
Mouse Genetics (Two Traits)

3.14: organisms are classified into a hierarchy of groups and subgroups based on similarities which reflect their evolutionary relationships

Dichotomous Keys

3.15: mutation, natural selection, and reproductive isolation can lead to new species and affect biodiversity

Evolution: Mutation and Selection
Evolution: Natural and Artificial Selection
Natural Selection
Rainfall and Bird Beaks

3.18: organisms change over time in terms of biological evolution and genetics

Evolution: Mutation and Selection
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Mouse Genetics (One Trait)
Mouse Genetics (Two Traits)

4: Students know and understand the processes and interactions of Earth's systems and the structure and dynamics of Earth and other objects in space.

4.2: the theory of plate tectonics helps to explain relationships among earthquakes, volcanoes, mid- ocean ridges, and deep-sea trenches

Earthquakes 1 - Recording Station
Plate Tectonics

4.8: energy transferred within the atmosphere influences weather (for example: the role of conduction, radiation, convection, and heat of condensation in clouds, precipitation, winds, storms)

Hurricane Motion
Weather Maps

4.1: the Earth?s interior has a composition and structure

Coastal Winds and Clouds

4.15: there is electromagnetic radiation produced by the Sun and other stars (for example: X- ray, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, radio)

H-R Diagram
Herschel Experiment

4.16: stars differ from each other in mass, color, temperature and age

H-R Diagram