Curriculum Framework
AP.OHB.1: Students shall explore the organizational structures of the body from the molecular to the organism level.
AP.OHB.1.AP.6: Investigate homeostatic control mechanisms and their importance to health and diseases
AP.OHB.1.AP.7: Predict the effect of positive and negative feedback mechanisms on homeostasis
Human Homeostasis
Paramecium Homeostasis
AP.OHB.1.AP.8: Identify the major characteristics of life:
AP.OHB.1.AP.8.a: metabolism
Cell Energy Cycle
Interdependence of Plants and Animals
Photosynthesis Lab
AP.CC.2: Students shall understand the role of chemistry in body processes.
AP.CC.2.AP.2: Explain the basic assumptions and conclusions of the atomic theory
Bohr Model of Hydrogen
Bohr Model: Introduction
Element Builder
AP.CC.2.AP.4: Explain the role of ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds in the human body
Covalent Bonds
Dehydration Synthesis
Ionic Bonds
AP.CC.2.AP.5: Write simple formulas and chemical word equations for the four basic types of reactions:
AP.CC.2.AP.5.a: synthesis
AP.CC.2.AP.5.b: decomposition
AP.CC.2.AP.5.c: single replacement
AP.CC.2.AP.5.d: double replacement
AP.CC.2.AP.6: Analyze the role of water in the human body
AP.CC.2.AP.7: Explain the relationship among acids, bases, and salts
pH Analysis
pH Analysis: Quad Color Indicator
AP.CC.2.AP.8: Relate the concept of pH to homeostasis
Human Homeostasis
Paramecium Homeostasis
pH Analysis
pH Analysis: Quad Color Indicator
AP.CC.2.AP.9: Compare the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
AP.APC.3: Students shall understand that cells are the basic, structural, and functional units of life.
AP.APC.3.AP.1: Explain the structure and function of the plasma membrane
AP.APC.3.AP.2: Compare and contrast the different ways in which substances cross the plasma membrane:
AP.APC.3.AP.2.a: diffusion and osmosis
AP.APC.3.AP.2.b: facilitated diffusion
AP.APC.3.AP.2.c: active transport
AP.APC.3.AP.2.d: filtration
AP.APC.3.AP.2.e: endocytosis
AP.APC.3.AP.2.f: exocytosis
AP.APC.3.AP.3: Describe the structure and function of organelles and cell parts
Cell Energy Cycle
Cell Structure
Paramecium Homeostasis
AP.APC.3.AP.4: Identify chemical substances produced by cells
Cell Structure
Paramecium Homeostasis
AP.APC.3.AP.5: Differentiate among replication, transcription, and translation
Building DNA
RNA and Protein Synthesis
AP.APC.3.AP.6: Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis
AP.APC.3.AP.7: Explain the consequences of abnormal cell division
BI.MC.1: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of the role of chemistry in life processes.
BI.MC.1.B.1: Describe the structure and function of the major organic molecules found in living systems:
BI.MC.1.B.1.e: nucleic acids
BI.MC.1.B.3: Investigate the properties and importance of water and its significance for life:
BI.MC.1.B.3.e: pH
pH Analysis
pH Analysis: Quad Color Indicator
BI.MC.1.B.4: Explain the role of energy in chemical reactions of living systems:
BI.MC.1.B.4.a: activation energy
BI.MC.2: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of the structure and function of cells.
BI.MC.2.B.1: Construct a hierarchy of life from cells to ecosystems
Cell Structure
Interdependence of Plants and Animals
Paramecium Homeostasis
BI.MC.2.B.3: Describe the role of sub-cellular structures in the life of a cell:
BI.MC.2.B.3.a: organelles
Cell Structure
Paramecium Homeostasis
BI.MC.2.B.3.b: ribosomes
Cell Structure
RNA and Protein Synthesis
BI.MC.2.B.3.c: cytoskeleton
Cell Structure
Paramecium Homeostasis
BI.MC.2.B.4: Relate the function of the plasma (cell) membrane to its structure
BI.MC.2.B.5: Compare and contrast the structures of an animal cell to a plant cell
BI.MC.2.B.7: Compare and contrast active transport and passive transport mechanisms:
BI.MC.2.B.7.a: diffusion
BI.MC.2.B.7.b: osmosis
BI.MC.2.B.7.c: endocytosis
BI.MC.2.B.7.d: exocytosis
BI.MC.2.B.7.e: phagocytosis
BI.MC.2.B.7.f: pinocytosis
BI.MC.2.B.8: Describe the main events in the cell cycle, including the differences in plant and animal cell division:
BI.MC.2.B.8.a: interphase
BI.MC.2.B.8.b: mitosis
BI.MC.2.B.8.c: cytokinesis
BI.MC.2.B.9: List in order and describe the stages of mitosis:
BI.MC.2.B.9.a: prophase
BI.MC.2.B.9.b: metaphase
BI.MC.2.B.9.c: anaphase
BI.MC.2.B.11: Discuss homeostasis using thermoregulation as an example
Human Homeostasis
Paramecium Homeostasis
BI.MC.3: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of how cells obtain and use energy (energetics).
BI.MC.3.B.1: Compare and contrast the structure and function of mitochondria and chloroplasts
Cell Energy Cycle
Cell Structure
Photosynthesis Lab
BI.MC.3.B.4: Describe and model the conversion of light energy to chemical energy by photosynthetic organisms:
BI.MC.3.B.4.a: light dependent reactions
Cell Energy Cycle
Interdependence of Plants and Animals
Photosynthesis Lab
BI.MC.3.B.4.b: light independent reactions
Cell Energy Cycle
Interdependence of Plants and Animals
Photosynthesis Lab
BI.MC.3.B.5: Compare and contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis as energy conversion pathways
Cell Energy Cycle
Interdependence of Plants and Animals
Photosynthesis Lab
BI.HE.4: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of heredity.
BI.HE.4.B.1: Summarize the outcomes of Gregor Mendel’s experimental procedures
Chicken Genetics
Mouse Genetics (One Trait)
Mouse Genetics (Two Traits)
BI.HE.4.B.2: Differentiate among the laws and principles of inheritance:
BI.HE.4.B.2.a: dominance
Chicken Genetics
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Mouse Genetics (One Trait)
Mouse Genetics (Two Traits)
BI.HE.4.B.2.b: segregation
Chicken Genetics
Mouse Genetics (One Trait)
Mouse Genetics (Two Traits)
BI.HE.4.B.2.c: independent assortment
Chicken Genetics
Mouse Genetics (One Trait)
Mouse Genetics (Two Traits)
BI.HE.4.B.3: Use the laws of probability and Punnett squares to predict genotypic and phenotypic ratios
Chicken Genetics
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Microevolution
Mouse Genetics (One Trait)
Mouse Genetics (Two Traits)
BI.HE.4.B.4: Examine different modes of inheritance:
BI.HE.4.B.4.b: codominance
BI.HE.4.B.4.d: incomplete dominance
Chicken Genetics
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Mouse Genetics (One Trait)
Mouse Genetics (Two Traits)
BI.HE.4.B.4.e: multiple alleles
Chicken Genetics
Mouse Genetics (One Trait)
Mouse Genetics (Two Traits)
BI.HE.4.B.5: Analyze the historically significant work of prominent geneticists
Chicken Genetics
Mouse Genetics (One Trait)
Mouse Genetics (Two Traits)
BI.HE.4.B.6: Evaluate karyotypes for abnormalities:
BI.HE.4.B.6.a: monosomy
BI.HE.4.B.6.b: trisomy
BI.HE.5: Students shall investigate the molecular basis of genetics.
BI.HE.5.B.1: Model the components of a DNA nucleotide and an RNA nucleotide
BI.HE.5.B.2: Describe the Watson-Crick double helix model of DNA, using the base-pairing rule (adenine-thymine, cytosine-guanine)
Building DNA
RNA and Protein Synthesis
BI.HE.5.B.3: Compare and contrast the structure and function of DNA and RNA
BI.HE.5.B.4: Describe and model the processes of replication, transcription, and translation
Building DNA
RNA and Protein Synthesis
BI.HE.5.B.5: Compare and contrast the different types of mutation events, including point mutation, frameshift mutation, deletion, and inversion
Evolution: Mutation and Selection
BI.HE.5.B.6: Identify effects of changes brought about by mutations:
BI.HE.5.B.6.a: beneficial
Evolution: Mutation and Selection
BI.HE.5.B.6.b: harmful
Evolution: Mutation and Selection
BI.HE.5.B.6.c: neutral
Evolution: Mutation and Selection
BI.HE.6: Students shall examine the development of the theory of biological evolution.
BI.HE.6.B.1: Compare and contrast Lamarck’s explanation of evolution with Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection
Evolution: Mutation and Selection
Human Evolution - Skull Analysis
Natural Selection
BI.HE.6.B.2: Recognize that evolution involves a change in allele frequencies in a population across successive generations
Human Evolution - Skull Analysis
BI.HE.6.B.3: Analyze the effects of mutations and the resulting variations within a population in terms of natural selection
Evolution: Mutation and Selection
Natural Selection
BI.HE.6.B.4: Illustrate mass extinction events using a time line
BI.HE.6.B.5: Evaluate evolution in terms of evidence as found in the following:
BI.HE.6.B.5.a: fossil record
Human Evolution - Skull Analysis
BI.HE.6.B.5.f: viral evolution
Human Evolution - Skull Analysis
BI.HE.6.B.6: Compare the processes of relative dating and radioactive dating to determine the age of fossils
Half-life
Human Evolution - Skull Analysis
BI.CDL.7: Students shall demonstrate an understanding that organisms are diverse.
BI.CDL.7.B.3: Identify the seven major taxonomic categories:
BI.CDL.7.B.3.g: species
Human Evolution - Skull Analysis
BI.CDL.7.B.6: Compare and contrast the structures and characteristics of viruses (lytic and lysogenic cycles) with non-living and living things
BI.CDL.7.B.7: Evaluate the medical and economic importance of viruses
BI.CDL.7.B.8: Compare and contrast life cycles of familiar organisms
BI.CDL.7.B.8.b: asexual reproduction
BI.CDL.7.B.9: Classify bacteria according to their characteristics and adaptations
Evolution: Mutation and Selection
Natural Selection
BI.CDL.7.B.19: Evaluate the medical and economic importance of plants
BI.EBR.8: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of ecological and behavioral relationships among organisms.
BI.EBR.8.B.4: Analyze an ecosystem’s energy flow through food chains, food webs, and energy pyramids
BI.EBR.8.B.5: Identify and predict the factors that control population, including predation, competition, crowding, water, nutrients, and shelter
BI.EBR.8.B.8: Identify the properties of each of the five levels of ecology:
BI.EBR.8.B.8.b: population
BI.EBR.9: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of the ecological impact of global issues.
BI.EBR.9.B.1: Analyze the effects of human population growth and technology on the environment/biosphere
Rabbit Population by Season
Water Pollution
CH.AT.1: Students shall understand the historical development of the model of the atom.
CH.AT.1.C.1: Summarize the discoveries of the subatomic particles
CH.AT.1.C.1.a: Rutherford’s gold foil
CH.AT.1.C.1.b: Chadwick’s discovery of the neutron
CH.AT.1.C.1.d: Millikan’s Oil Drop
CH.AT.1.C.2: Explain the historical events that led to the development of the current atomic theory
Bohr Model of Hydrogen
Bohr Model: Introduction
Element Builder
CH.AT.2: Student shall understand the structure of the atom.
CH.AT.2.C.1: Analyze an atom's particle position, arrangement, and charge using:
CH.AT.2.C.1.a: proton
CH.AT.2.C.1.b: neutron
CH.AT.2.C.1.c: electron
Electron Configuration
Element Builder
CH.AT.2.C.2: Compare the magnitude and range of nuclear forces to magnetic forces and gravitational forces
CH.AT.2.C.3: Draw and explain nuclear symbols and hyphen notations for isotopes:
CH.AT.2.C.3.a: nuclear symbol: ^A/Z X Where Hyphen notation: AX− Where X = element symbol; A = the mass number; Z= atomic number; the number of neutrons = A − Z
CH.AT.2.C.4: Derive an average atomic mass
CH.AT.2.C.5: Determine the arrangement of subatomic particles in the ion(s) of an atom
CH.AT.3: Students shall understand how the arrangement of electrons in atoms relates to the quantum model.
CH.AT.3.C.1: Correlate emissions of visible light with the arrangement of electrons in atoms:
CH.AT.3.C.1.a: quantum
Bohr Model of Hydrogen
Bohr Model: Introduction
Electron Configuration
CH.AT.3.C.1.b: c=vë Where; v=frequency ë=wavelength
CH.AT.3.C.2: Apply the following rules or principles to model electron arrangement in atoms:
CH.AT.3.C.2.a: Aufbau Principle (diagonal filling order)
Electron Configuration
Element Builder
Ionic Bonds
CH.AT.3.C.2.b: Hund’s Rule
Electron Configuration
Element Builder
Ionic Bonds
CH.AT.3.C.2.c: Pauli’s Exclusion Principle
CH.AT.3.C.3: Predict the placement of elements on the Periodic Table and their properties using electron configuration
Electron Configuration
Element Builder
CH.AT.3.C.4: Demonstrate electron placement in atoms using the following notations:
CH.AT.3.C.4.a: orbital notations
CH.AT.3.C.4.b: electron configuration notation
CH.P.4: Students shall understand the significance of the Periodic Table and its historical development.
CH.P.4.C.1: Compare and contrast the historical events leading to the evolution of the Periodic Table
CH.P.4.C.2: Describe the arrangement of the Periodic Table based on electron filling orders:
CH.P.4.C.2.a: Groups
Covalent Bonds
Electron Configuration
Ionic Bonds
CH.P.4.C.2.b: Periods
CH.P.4.C.3: Interpret periodic trends:
CH.P.4.C.3.a: atomic radius
CH.P.4.C.3.d: electron affinities
CH.P.5: Students shall name and write formulas for binary and ternary compounds.
CH.P.5.C.3: Predict the name and symbol for newly discovered elements using the IUPAC system
CH.P.6: Students shall explain the changes of matter using its physical and chemical properties.
CH.P.6.C.4: Design experiments tracing the energy involved in physical changes and chemical changes
Density Experiment: Slice and Dice
Freezing Point of Salt Water
CH.P.6.C.5: Predict the chemical properties of substances based on their electron configuration:
CH.P.6.C.5.a: active
CH.P.6.C.5.b: inactive
CH.P.6.C.5.c: inert
CH.B.8: Students shall understand the process of ionic bonding.
CH.B.8.C.1: Determine ion formation tendencies for groups on the Periodic Table:
CH.B.8.C.1.a: main group elements
Electron Configuration
Element Builder
CH.B.8.C.1.b: transition elements
Electron Configuration
Element Builder
CH.B.8.C.2: Derive formula units based on the charges of ions
Covalent Bonds
Dehydration Synthesis
Ionic Bonds
Stoichiometry
CH.B.8.C.3: Use the electronegativitiy chart to predict the bonding type of compounds:
CH.B.8.C.3.a: ionic
CH.B.8.C.3.c: non-polar covalent
Covalent Bonds
Dehydration Synthesis
CH.B.9: Students shall understand the process of covalent bonding.
CH.B.9.C.1: Draw Lewis structures to show valence electrons for covalent bonding:
CH.B.9.C.1.a: lone pairs
Covalent Bonds
Electron Configuration
CH.B.9.C.1.b: shared pairs
Covalent Bonds
Electron Configuration
CH.B.9.C.1.c: hybridization
Covalent Bonds
Electron Configuration
CH.B.9.C.1.d: resonance
CH.B.9.C.2: Determine the properties of covalent compounds based upon double and triple bonding
Covalent Bonds
Dehydration Synthesis
CH.S.12: Students shall understand the relationship between balanced chemical equations and mole relationships.
CH.S.12.C.1: Balance chemical equations when all reactants and products are given
Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equation Balancing
CH.S.12.C.2: Use balanced reaction equations to obtain information about the amounts of reactants and products
Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equation Balancing
CH.S.12.C.3: Distinguish between limiting reactants and excess reactants in balanced reaction equations
Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equation Balancing
Limiting Reactants
CH.S.12.C.4: Calculate stoichiometric quantities and use these to determine theoretical yields
Limiting Reactants
Stoichiometry
CH.S.13: Students shall understand the mole concept and Avogadro's number.
CH.S.13.C.1: Apply the mole concept to calculate the number of particles and the amount of substance: Avogadro’s constant = 6.02 x 10 to the 23rd power.
CH.S.13.C.2: Determine the empirical and molecular formulas using the molar concept:
CH.S.13.C.2.a: molar mass
CH.S.13.C.2.b: average atomic mass
CH.S.14: Students shall predict the product(s) based upon the type of chemical reaction.
CH.S.14.C.1: Given the products and reactants predict products for the following types of reactions:
CH.S.14.C.1.a: synthesis
CH.S.14.C.1.b: decomposition
CH.S.14.C.1.c: single displacement
CH.S.14.C.1.d: double displacement
CH.S.15: Students shall understand the composition of solutions, their formation and their strengths expressed in various units.
CH.S.15.C.1: Distinguish between the terms solute, solvent, solution and concentration
CH.S.15.C.3: Calculate the following concentration expressions involving the amount of solute and volume of solution:
CH.S.15.C.3.d: normality (N)
CH.S.15.C.5: Define heat of solution
CH.S.15.C.6: Identify the physical state for each substance in a reaction equation
Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equation Balancing
Limiting Reactants
Stoichiometry
CH.GL.16: Students shall understand the behavior of gas particles as it relates to the kinetic theory.
CH.GL.16.C.1: Demonstrate the relationship of the kinetic theory as it applies to gas particles:
CH.GL.16.C.1.a: molecular motion
Temperature and Particle Motion
CH.GL.16.C.1.b: elastic collisions
CH.GL.16.C.1.c: temperature
Boyle's Law and Charles' Law
Temperature and Particle Motion
CH.GL.16.C.1.d: pressure
CH.GL.16.C.1.e: ideal gas
Boyle's Law and Charles' Law
Temperature and Particle Motion
CH.GL.16.C.2: Calculate the effects of pressure, temperature, and volume on the number of moles of gas particles in chemical reactions
Boyle's Law and Charles' Law
Stoichiometry
CH.GL.17: Students shall understand the relationship among temperature, pressure, volume and moles of gas.
CH.GL.17.C.1: Calculate the effects of pressure, temperature, and volume to gases
CH.GL.17.C.1.b: Boyle’s Law
CH.GL.17.C.1.c: Charles’ Law
CH.GL.17.C.1.d: Combined Law
CH.GL.17.C.1.f: Graham’s Law of Effusion
Boyle's Law and Charles' Law
Diffusion
CH.GL.18: Students shall apply the stoichiometric mass and volume relationships of gases in chemical reactions.
CH.GL.18.C.1: Calculate volume/mass relationships in balanced chemical reaction equations
Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equation Balancing
Density Experiment: Slice and Dice
Density Laboratory
Density via Comparison
Determining Density via Water Displacement
CH.AB.20: Students shall apply rules of nomenclature to acids, bases and salts.
CH.AB.20.C.1: Name and write formulas for acids, bases and salts:
CH.AB.20.C.1.a: binary acids
pH Analysis
pH Analysis: Quad Color Indicator
CH.AB.20.C.1.b: ternary acids
pH Analysis
pH Analysis: Quad Color Indicator
CH.AB.20.C.1.c: ionic compounds
CH.AB.21: Students shall understand the general properties of acids, bases and salts.
CH.AB.21.C.1: Compare and contrast acid and base properties
pH Analysis
pH Analysis: Quad Color Indicator
CH.AB.21.C.3: Explain the role of the pH scale as applied to acids and bases
pH Analysis
pH Analysis: Quad Color Indicator
CH.KE.23: Students shall understand enthalpy, entropy, and free energy and their relationship to chemical reactions.
CH.KE.23.C.4: Define specific heat capacity and its relationship to calorimetric measurements:
CH.KE.23.C.4.a: q = m (deltaT)C sub p
CH.KE.23.C.5: Determine the heat of formation and the heat of reaction using enthalpy values and the Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy Conversion in a System
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics
CH.KE.23.C.6: Explain the role of activation energy and collision theory in chemical reactions
2D Collisions
Collision Theory
CH.E.24: Students shall apply rules of nomenclature to acids, bases, and salts.
CH.E.24.C.1: List and explain the factors which affect the rate of a reaction and the relationship of these factors to chemical equilibrium:
CH.E.24.C.1.a: reversible reactions
CH.E.24.C.1.b: reaction rate
CH.E.24.C.1.c: nature of reactants
CH.E.24.C.1.d: concentration
CH.E.24.C.1.e: temperature
CH.E.24.C.1.f: catalysis
CH.E.24.C.3: Explain the relationship of LeChatelier's Principle to equilibrium systems:
CH.E.24.C.3.c: concentration
CH.E.24.C.4: Describe the application of equilibrium and kinetic concepts to the Haber Process:
CH.E.24.C.4.a: high concentration of hydrogen and nitrogen
CH.E.24.C.4.d: use of a contact catalyst
CH.OC.28: Students shall know and describe the functional groups in organic chemistry.
CH.OC.28.C.2: Name and write formulas for aliphatic, cyclic, and aromatic hydrocarbons
Covalent Bonds
Dehydration Synthesis
Ionic Bonds
Stoichiometry
CH.OC.29: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of the role of organic compounds in living and non-living systems.
CH.OC.29.C.1: Differentiate among the biochemical functions of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids
CH.NC.30: Students shall understand the process transformations of nuclear radiation.
CH.NC.30.C.1: Describe the following radiation emissions:
CH.NC.30.C.1.a: alpha particles
CH.NC.30.C.1.b: beta particles
CH.NC.30.C.1.c: gamma rays
CH.NC.30.C.1.d: positron particles
CH.NC.30.C.2: Write and balance nuclear reactions
CH.NC.30.C.4: Apply the concept of half life to nuclear decay
CH.NC.31: Students shall understand the current and historical ramifications of nuclear energy.
CH.NC.31.C.1: Construct models of instruments used to study, control, and utilize radioactive materials and nuclear processes
CH.NC.31.C.2: Research the role of nuclear reactions in society:
CH.NC.31.C.2.a: transmutation
CH.NC.31.C.2.b: nuclear power plants
CH.NC.31.C.2.c: Manhattan Project
ES.PD.1: Students shall understand the physical dynamics of Earth.
ES.PD.1.ES.5: Explain the processes of the rock cycle
ES.PD.1.ES.6: Describe the processes of degradation by weathering and erosion
ES.PD.1.ES.7: Describe tectonic forces relating to internal energy production and convection currents
ES.PD.1.ES.8: Describe the relationships of degradation (a general lowering of the earth's surface by erosion or weathering) and tectonic forces:
ES.PD.1.ES.8.b: earthquakes
ES.PD.1.ES.9: Construct and interpret information on topographic maps
Building Topographical Maps
Reading Topographical Maps
ES.PD.1.ES.14: Investigate the stratification of the ocean:
ES.PD.1.ES.14.a: colligative properties (depends on the ratio of the number of particles of solute and solvent in the solution, not the identity of the solute)
Colligative Properties
Freezing Point of Salt Water
ES.PD.1.ES.15: Predict the effects of ocean currents on climate
ES.PD.1.ES.16: Explain heat transfer in the atmosphere and its relationship to meteorological processes:
ES.PD.1.ES.16.a: pressure
ES.PD.1.ES.16.b: winds
ES.PD.1.ES.18: Construct and interpret weather maps
ES.PD.1.ES.19: Describe the cycling of materials and energy:
ES.PD.1.ES.19.b: oxygen
Cell Energy Cycle
Interdependence of Plants and Animals
Photosynthesis Lab
ES.PD.1.ES.19.c: carbon
Cell Energy Cycle
Interdependence of Plants and Animals
Photosynthesis Lab
ES.PD.1.ES.19.e: hydrological
ES.BD.2: Students shall understand the biological dynamics of Earth.
ES.BD.2.ES.2: Describe relationships within a community:
ES.BD.2.ES.2.a: predation
ES.BD.2.ES.4: Construct a trophic-level pyramid (energy level)
ES.BD.2.ES.5: Construct a food chain
ES.BD.2.ES.7: Compare and contrast food webs and food chains
ES.BD.2.ES.9: Explain how limiting factors affect populations and ecosystems
Food Chain
Rabbit Population by Season
ES.BD.2.ES.10: Describe the natural selection process in populations
Evolution: Mutation and Selection
Food Chain
ES.SP.3: Students shall understand the impact of human activities on the environment.
ES.SP.3.ES.1: Explain the reciprocal relationships between Earth’s processes (natural disasters) and human activities
Rabbit Population by Season
Water Pollution
ES.SP.3.ES.2: Investigate the relationships between human consumption of natural resources and the stewardship responsibility for reclamations including disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste
Rabbit Population by Season
Water Pollution
ES.SP.3.ES.3: Explain common problems related to water quality:
ES.SP.3.ES.3.a: conservation
ES.SP.3.ES.3.b: usage
ES.SP.3.ES.3.c: supply
ES.SP.3.ES.6: Research how political systems influence environmental decisions
ES.SP.3.ES.7: Investigate which federal and state agencies have responsibility for environmental monitoring and action
ES.SP.3.ES.9: Evaluate personal and societal benefits when examining health, population, resource, and environmental issues
Food Chain
Rabbit Population by Season
Water Pollution
ES.SP.3.ES.10: Predict the long-term societal impact of specific health, population, resource, and environmental issues
Food Chain
Rabbit Population by Season
Water Pollution
ES.SP.3.ES.11: Investigate the effect of public policy decisions on health, population, resource, and environmental issues
Food Chain
Rabbit Population by Season
Water Pollution
PS.C.1: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of matter's composition and structure.
PS.C.1.PS.1: Compare and contrast chemical and physical properties of matter, including but not limited to flammability, reactivity, density, buoyancy, viscosity, melting point and boiling point
Density Experiment: Slice and Dice
Density Laboratory
Density via Comparison
Determining Density via Water Displacement
Freezing Point of Salt Water
Mystery Powder Analysis
PS.C.1.PS.2: Compare and contrast chemical and physical changes, including but not limited to rusting, burning, evaporation, boiling and dehydration
Density Experiment: Slice and Dice
Freezing Point of Salt Water
PS.C.1.PS.4: Illustrate the placement of electrons in the first twenty elements using energy levels and orbitals
Bohr Model of Hydrogen
Bohr Model: Introduction
Covalent Bonds
Electron Configuration
Element Builder
Ionic Bonds
PS.C.1.PS.5: Distinguish among atoms, ions, and isotopes
PS.C.1.PS.6: Model the valence electrons using electron dot structures (Lewis electron dot structures)
Covalent Bonds
Electron Configuration
Element Builder
PS.C.1.PS.7: Explain the role of valence electrons in determining chemical properties
Covalent Bonds
Dehydration Synthesis
Electron Configuration
Ionic Bonds
PS.C.1.PS.8: Explain the role of valence electrons in forming chemical bonds
Covalent Bonds
Dehydration Synthesis
Electron Configuration
Element Builder
Ionic Bonds
PS.C.1.PS.9: Model bonding:
PS.C.1.PS.9.a: ionic
PS.C.1.PS.9.b: covalent
Covalent Bonds
Dehydration Synthesis
PS.C.1.PS.11: Write formulas for ionic and covalent compounds
PS.C.1.PS.13: Identify the mole and amu (atomic mass unit) as units of measurement in chemistry
PS.C.2: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of the role of energy in chemistry.
PS.C.2.PS.1: Identify the kinetic theory throughout the phases of matter
Temperature and Particle Motion
PS.C.2.PS.2: Create and label heat versus temperature graphs (heating curves):
PS.C.2.PS.2.e: heat of fusion
PS.C.2.PS.3: Relate thermal expansion to the kinetic theory
Boyle's Law and Charles' Law
Temperature and Particle Motion
PS.C.2.PS.4: Compare and contrast Boyle’s law and Charles’ law
PS.C.2.PS.7: Compare and contrast the emissions produced by radioactive decay:
PS.C.2.PS.7.a: alpha particles
PS.C.2.PS.7.b: beta particles
PS.C.2.PS.7.c: gamma rays
PS.C.3: Students shall compare and contrast chemical reactions.
PS.C.3.PS.1: Identify and write balanced chemical equations:
PS.C.3.PS.1.a: decomposition reaction
PS.C.3.PS.1.b: synthesis reaction
PS.C.3.PS.1.c: single displacement reaction
PS.C.3.PS.1.d: double displacement reaction
PS.C.3.PS.2: Predict the product(s) of a chemical reaction when given the reactants using chemical symbols and words
PS.C.3.PS.3: Balance chemical equations using the Law of Conservation of Mass
Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equation Balancing
PS.C.3.PS.4: Determine mole ratio from a balanced reaction equation
Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equation Balancing
PS.C.3.PS.6: Model the role of activation energy in chemical reactions
PS.C.3.PS.7: Examine factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions, including but not limited to temperature, light, concentration, catalysts, surface area, pressure
PS.C.4: Students shall classify organic compounds.
PS.C.4.PS.1: Summarize carbon bonding:
PS.C.4.PS.1.b: carbon-carbon (single, double, triple)
PS.C.4.PS.2: Identify organic compounds by their:
PS.C.4.PS.2.a: formula
Covalent Bonds
Dehydration Synthesis
Ionic Bonds
Stoichiometry
PS.C.4.PS.2.b: structure
PS.C.4.PS.2.c: properties
PS.C.4.PS.4: Describe organic compounds and their functions in the human body:
PS.C.4.PS.4.d: nucleic acids
PS.P.5: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of the role of energy in physics.
PS.P.5.PS.1: Distinguish among thermal energy, heat, and temperature
Calorimetry Lab
Heat Transfer by Conduction
Phase Changes
Temperature and Particle Motion
PS.P.6: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of the role of forces in physics.
PS.P.6.PS.1: Analyze how force affects motion:
PS.P.6.PS.1.a: one-dimensional (linear)
Atwood Machine
Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
Fan Cart Physics
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
PS.P.6.PS.1.b: two-dimensional (projectile and rotational)
Golf Range!
Uniform Circular Motion
PS.P.6.PS.3: Compare and contrast among speed, velocity and acceleration
Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
Fan Cart Physics
Freefall Laboratory
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics
Uniform Circular Motion
PS.P.6.PS.4: Solve problems using the formulas for speed and acceleration:
PS.P.6.PS.4.a: v = d/t
Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
PS.P.6.PS.4.b: a - delta v/delta t where a = acceleration, v = speed (velocity), delta t = change in time, delta v = change in speed velocity, t = time and d = distance
PS.P.6.PS.5: Interpret graphs related to motion:
PS.P.6.PS.5.a: distance versus time (d-t)
Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
Fan Cart Physics
Freefall Laboratory
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics
PS.P.6.PS.5.b: velocity versus time (v-t)
Atwood Machine
Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
Fan Cart Physics
Freefall Laboratory
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics
Uniform Circular Motion
PS.P.6.PS.5.c: acceleration versus time (a-t)
Fan Cart Physics
Freefall Laboratory
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Uniform Circular Motion
PS.P.6.PS.6: Compare and contrast Newton’s three laws of motion
2D Collisions
Air Track
Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics
Uniform Circular Motion
PS.P.6.PS.7: Design and conduct investigations demonstrating Newton’s first law of motion
2D Collisions
Fan Cart Physics
Uniform Circular Motion
PS.P.6.PS.8: Conduct investigations demonstrating Newton’s second law of motion
Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics
PS.P.6.PS.9: Design and conduct investigations demonstrating Newton’s third law of motion
2D Collisions
Air Track
Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics
Uniform Circular Motion
PS.P.6.PS.11: Relate the Law of Conservation of Momentum to how it affects the movement of objects
PS.P.6.PS.12: Compare and contrast the effects of forces on fluids:
PS.P.6.PS.12.a: Archimedes’ principle
Density Laboratory
Determining Density via Water Displacement
PS.P.6.PS.13: Design an experiment to show conversion of energy:
PS.P.6.PS.13.a: mechanical (potential and kinetic)
Air Track
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Rolling Objects
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Period of a Pendulum
Potential Energy on Shelves
Roller Coaster Physics
Simple Harmonic Motion
PS.P.6.PS.13.d: sound
PS.P.6.PS.14: Solve problems by using formulas for gravitational potential and kinetic energy:
PS.P.6.PS.14.a: KE = 1/2 mv²
Air Track
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics
PS.P.6.PS.14.b: PE = mgh Where KE = kinetic energy, PE = potential energy, m = mass, v = velocity
Energy Conversion in a System
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Rolling Objects
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Period of a Pendulum
Potential Energy on Shelves
Roller Coaster Physics
Simple Harmonic Motion
PS.P.7: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of wave and particle motion.
PS.P.7.PS.1: Compare and contrast a wave’s speed through various mediums
Earthquake - Determination of Epicenter
Refraction
PS.P.7.PS.3: Explain Doppler effect using examples
Doppler Shift
Doppler Shift Advanced
PS.P.7.PS.4: Calculate problems relating to wave properties:
PS.P.7.PS.4.a: gamma = vt
Earthquake - Determination of Epicenter
Photoelectric Effect
Sound Beats and Sine Waves
PS.P.7.PS.4.b: f = 1/T
Earthquake - Determination of Epicenter
Photoelectric Effect
Sound Beats and Sine Waves
PS.P.7.PS.4.c: v = fë Where ë = wavelength, f = frequency, T = period, v = velocity
Earthquake - Determination of Epicenter
Photoelectric Effect
Sound Beats and Sine Waves
PS.P.7.PS.5: Describe how the physical properties of sound waves affect its perception
PS.P.7.PS.6: Define light in terms of waves and particles
Bohr Model of Hydrogen
Bohr Model: Introduction
Photoelectric Effect
PS.P.7.PS.7: Explain the formation of color by light and by pigments
Additive Color v2
Subtractive Color v2
PS.P.7.PS.8: Investigate the separation of white light into colors by diffraction
PS.P.7.PS.9: Illustrate constructive and destructive interference of light waves
PS.P.7.PS.10: Differentiate among the reflected images produced by concave, convex, and plane mirrors
Laser Reflection
Ray Tracing (Lenses)
Ray Tracing (Mirrors)
PS.P.7.PS.11: Differentiate between the refracted images produced by concave and convex lenses
Ray Tracing (Lenses)
Ray Tracing (Mirrors)
Refraction
PS.P.7.PS.12: Research current uses of optics and sound
PH.MF.1: Students shall understand one-dimensional motion.
PH.MF.1.P.1: Compare and contrast scalar and vector quantities
PH.MF.1.P.2: Solve problems involving constant and average velocity:
PH.MF.1.P.2.a: v = d/t
Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
PH.MF.1.P.2.b: v(ave) = delta d/delta t
Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
PH.MF.1.P.3: Apply kinematic equations to calculate distance, time, or velocity under conditions of constant acceleration:
PH.MF.1.P.3.a: a = v/t
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
PH.MF.1.P.3.b: a(ave) = delta v/delta t
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
PH.MF.1.P.3.c: delta x = 1/2 (v(f) + v(f)) (delta t)
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
PH.MF.1.P.3.d: v(f) = v(i) + a delta t
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
PH.MF.1.P.3.e: delta x = v (i) delta t + 1/2 a(delta t)²
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
PH.MF.1.P.3.f: v(f)² = v(i)² + 2a delta x
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
PH.MF.1.P.4: Compare graphic representations of motion:
PH.MF.1.P.4.a: d-t
Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
Fan Cart Physics
Freefall Laboratory
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics
PH.MF.1.P.4.b: v-t
Atwood Machine
Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
Fan Cart Physics
Freefall Laboratory
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics
PH.MF.1.P.4.c: a-t
Fan Cart Physics
Freefall Laboratory
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
PH.MF.1.P.5: Calculate the components of a free falling object at various points in motion:
PH.MF.1.P.5.a: v(f)² = v(i)² + 2a delta y Where a = gravity (g)
Atwood Machine
Freefall Laboratory
Golf Range!
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
PH.MF.1.P.6: Compare and contrast contact force (e.g., friction) and field forces (e.g., gravitational force)
Atwood Machine
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Roller Coaster Physics
PH.MF.1.P.7: Draw free body diagrams of all forces acting upon an object
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
PH.MF.1.P.8: Calculate the applied forces represented in a free body diagram
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
PH.MF.1.P.9: Apply Newton’s first law of motion to show balanced and unbalanced forces
2D Collisions
Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Roller Coaster Physics
Uniform Circular Motion
PH.MF.1.P.10: Apply Newton's second law of motion to solve motion problems that involve constant forces:
PH.MF.1.P.10.a: F = ma
Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics
PH.MF.1.P.11: Apply Newton’s third law of motion to explain action-reaction pairs
2D Collisions
Air Track
Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics
Uniform Circular Motion
PH.MF.1.P.12: Calculate frictional forces (i.e., kinetic and static):
PH.MF.1.P.12.a: u(k) = F(k)/F(n)
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Roller Coaster Physics
PH.MF.1.P.12.b: u(s) = F(s)/F(n)
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Roller Coaster Physics
PH.MF.1.P.13: Calculate the magnitude of the force of friction:
PH.MF.1.P.13.a: F(f) = uF(n)
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Roller Coaster Physics
PH.MF.2: Students shall understand two-dimensional motion.
PH.MF.2.P.1: Calculate the resultant vector of a moving object
PH.MF.2.P.2: Resolve two-dimensional vectors into their components:
PH.MF.2.P.2.a: d(x) - d cos theta
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
PH.MF.2.P.2.b: d(y) = d sin theta
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
PH.MF.2.P.3: Calculate the magnitude and direction of a vector from its components:
PH.MF.2.P.3.a: d² = x² + y²
Gravitational Force
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Pith Ball Lab
PH.MF.2.P.3.b: tan to the -1 power (theta) = x/y
Gravitational Force
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Pith Ball Lab
PH.MF.2.P.4: Solve two-dimensional problems using balanced forces:
PH.MF.2.P.4.a: W = Tsin theta Where W = weight; T = tension
Pith Ball Lab
Uniform Circular Motion
PH.MF.2.P.6: Describe the path of a projectile as a parabola
PH.MF.2.P.7: Apply kinematic equations to solve problems involving projectile motion of an object launched at an angle:
PH.MF.2.P.7.a: v(x) = v(i) cos theta = constant
PH.MF.2.P.7.b: delta x = v(i)(cost theta) delta t
PH.MF.2.P.7.c: v(y-f) = v(i)(sin theta) - g delta t
PH.MF.2.P.7.d: v(y-f)² = v(i)² (sing theta)² = 2g delta y
PH.MF.2.P.7.e: delta y = v(i)(sin theta) delta t = 1/2 g(delta t)²
PH.MF.2.P.9: Calculate rotational motion with a constant force directed toward the center:
PH.MF.2.P.9.a: F(c) = mv²/r
PH.MF.2.P.10: Solve problems in circular motion by using centripetal acceleration:
PH.MF.2.P.10.a: a(c) = v²/r = 4 pi²r/T²
PH.MF.3: Students shall understand the dynamics of rotational equilibrium.
PH.MF.3.P.1: Relate radians to degrees:
PH.MF.3.P.1.a: delta theta = delta s/r Where delta s = arc length; r = radius
PH.MF.3.P.2: Calculate the magnitude of torque on an object:
PH.MF.3.P.2.a: t = Fd(sin theta) Where t = torque
PH.MF.3.P.3: Calculate angular speed and angular acceleration:
PH.MF.3.P.3.a: omega(ave) = delta theta/delta t
Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
Fan Cart Physics
Freefall Laboratory
Torque and Moment of Inertia
PH.MF.3.P.3.b: alpha = delta omega/delta t
Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
Fan Cart Physics
Freefall Laboratory
Torque and Moment of Inertia
PH.MF.3.P.4: Solve problems using kinematic equations for angular motion:
PH.MF.3.P.4.a: omega(f) = omega(i) + alpha delta t
PH.MF.3.P.4.b: delta theta = omega(i) delta t + 1/2 alpha (delta t)²
PH.MF.3.P.4.c: omega(f)² = omega(i)² + 2 alpha (delta theta)
PH.MF.3.P.4.d: delta theta = 1/2(omega(i) + omega(f)) delta t
PH.MF.3.P.5: Solve problems involving tangential speed:
PH.MF.3.P.5.a: v(t) = r omega
Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
Torque and Moment of Inertia
PH.MF.3.P.6: Solve problems involving tangential acceleration:
PH.MF.3.P.6.a: a(t) = r alpha
Freefall Laboratory
Torque and Moment of Inertia
Uniform Circular Motion
PH.MF.3.P.7: Calculate centripetal acceleration:
PH.MF.3.P.7.a: a(c) = v(t)²/r
Freefall Laboratory
Uniform Circular Motion
PH.MF.3.P.7.b: a(c) = r omega²
Freefall Laboratory
Uniform Circular Motion
PH.MF.3.P.8: Apply Newton's universal law of gravitation to find the gravitational force between two masses:
PH.MF.3.P.8.a: F(g) = G (m(l)m(2))/r², Where G = 6.673 X 10 to the -11 power (N * m²)/kg²
PH.MF.4: Students shall understand the relationship between work and energy.
PH.MF.4.P.1: Calculate net work done by a constant net force:
PH.MF.4.P.1.a: W(net) = F(net) d cos theta Where W(net) = work
Atwood Machine
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Pulley Lab
PH.MF.4.P.2: Solve problems relating kinetic energy and potential energy to the work-energy theorem:
PH.MF.4.P.2.a: W(net) = delta KE
Air Track
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Rolling Objects
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Period of a Pendulum
Potential Energy on Shelves
Roller Coaster Physics
Simple Harmonic Motion
PH.MF.4.P.3: Solve problems through the application of conservation of mechanical energy:
PH.MF.4.P.3.a: ME(i) = ME(f)
Energy Conversion in a System
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Period of a Pendulum
Roller Coaster Physics
Simple Harmonic Motion
PH.MF.4.P.3.b: 1/2mv(i)² + mgh(i) = 1/2mv(f)² + mgh(f)
Energy Conversion in a System
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Period of a Pendulum
Roller Coaster Physics
Simple Harmonic Motion
PH.MF.5: Students shall understand the law of conservation of momentum.
PH.MF.5.P.1: Describe changes in momentum in terms of force and time
2D Collisions
Air Track
Roller Coaster Physics
PH.MF.5.P.2: Solve problems using the impulse-momentum theorem:
PH.MF.5.P.2.a: F delta t = delta p or F delta t = mv(f) = mv(i) Where delta p = change in momentum; F delta t = impulse
PH.MF.5.P.3: Compare total momentum of two objects before and after they interact:
PH.MF.5.P.3.a: m(1)v(li) + m(2i) = m(1)v(1f) + m(2)v(2f)
PH.MF.5.P.4: Solve problems for perfectly inelastic and elastic collisions:
PH.MF.5.P.4.a: m(1)v(1i) + m(2)v(2i) = (m(1) + m(2))v(f)
PH.MF.5.P.4.b: m(l)v(li) + m(2)v(2i) = m(l)v(lf) + m(2)v(2f) Where v(f) is the final velocity
PH.MF.6: Students shall understand the concepts of fluid mechanics.
PH.MF.6.P.1: Calibrate the applied buoyant force to determine if the object will sink or float:
PH.MF.6.P.1.a: F(B) = F(g(displaced fluid)) = m(f)g
Density Laboratory
Density via Comparison
PH.MF.6.P.3: Apply Bernoulli's equation to solve fluid-flow problems:
PH.MF.6.P.3.a: p = 1/2 pv² + pgh = constant Where p = density
Density Experiment: Slice and Dice
Density Laboratory
Determining Density via Water Displacement
PH.HT.7: Students shall understand the effects of thermal energy on particles and systems.
PH.HT.7.P.1: Perform specific heat capacity calculations:
PH.HT.7.P.1.a: C(p) = Q/m delta T
PH.HT.7.P.2: Perform calculations involving latent heat:
PH.HT.7.P.2.a: Q = mL
PH.HT.7.P.3: Interpret the various sections of a heating curve diagram
PH.HT.7.P.4: Calculate heat energy of the different phase changes of a substance:
PH.HT.7.P.4.a: Q = mC(p) delta T
Freezing Point of Salt Water
Phase Changes
PH.HT.7.P.4.b: Q = mL(f)
PH.HT.7.P.4.c: Q = mL(v) Where L(f) = Latent heat of fusion; L(v) Latent healt of vaporization
PH.HT.8: Students shall apply the two laws of thermodynamics.
PH.HT.8.P.1: Describe how the first law of thermodynamics is a statement of energy conversion
PH.HT.8.P.3: Calculate the efficiency of a heat engine by using the second law of thermodynamics:
PH.HT.8.P.3.a: Eff = W(net)/Q(h) = (Q(h) - Q(c))/Q(h) = 1 - Q(c) Where Q(h) = energy added as heat; Q(c) = energy removed as heat
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
PH.WO.9: Students shall distinguish between simple harmonic motion and waves.
PH.WO.9.P.1: Explain how force, velocity, and acceleration change as an object vibrates with simple harmonic motion
Energy of a Pendulum
Freefall Laboratory
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Period of Mass on a Spring
Roller Coaster Physics
Simple Harmonic Motion
PH.WO.9.P.2: Calculate the spring force using Hooke's law:
PH.WO.9.P.2.a: F(elastic) = -kx Where -k = spring constant
Period of Mass on a Spring
Simple Harmonic Motion
PH.WO.9.P.3: Calculate the period and frequency of an object vibrating with a simple harmonic motion:
PH.WO.9.P.3.a: T = 2 pi times square root of L/g
Energy of a Pendulum
Period of Mass on a Spring
Simple Harmonic Motion
Sound Beats and Sine Waves
PH.WO.9.P.3.b: f = 1/T Where T = period
Energy of a Pendulum
Period of Mass on a Spring
Simple Harmonic Motion
Sound Beats and Sine Waves
PH.WO.9.P.4: Differentiate between pulse and periodic waves
PH.WO.9.P.5: Relate energy and amplitude
Bohr Model of Hydrogen
Bohr Model: Introduction
Photoelectric Effect
PH.WO.10: Students shall compare and contrast the law of reflection and the law of refraction.
PH.WO.10.P.1: Calculate the frequency and wavelength of electromagnetic radiation
PH.WO.10.P.3: Describe the images formed by flat mirrors
Laser Reflection
Ray Tracing (Lenses)
Ray Tracing (Mirrors)
PH.WO.10.P.4: Calculate distances and focal lengths for curved mirrors:
PH.WO.10.P.4.a: 1/p + 1/q = 2/R Where p = object distance; q = image distance; R = radius of curvature
Laser Reflection
Ray Tracing (Lenses)
Ray Tracing (Mirrors)
PH.WO.10.P.5: Draw ray diagrams to find the image distance and magnification for curved mirrors
Laser Reflection
Ray Tracing (Lenses)
Ray Tracing (Mirrors)
PH.WO.10.P.6: Solve problems using Snell's law:
PH.WO.10.P.6.a: n(i)(sing theta(i)) = n(r)(sin theta(r))
PH.WO.10.P.7: Calculate the index of refraction through various media using the following equation:
PH.WO.10.P.7.a: n = c/v Where n = index of refraction; c = speed of light in vacuum; v = speed of light in medium
PH.WO.10.P.8: Use a ray diagram to find the position of an image produced by a lens
Ray Tracing (Lenses)
Ray Tracing (Mirrors)
PH.WO.10.P.9: Solve problems using the thin-lens equation:
PH.WO.10.P.9.a: 1/p + 1/q = 1/f Where q = image distance; p = object distance; f = focal length
Ray Tracing (Lenses)
Ray Tracing (Mirrors)
PH.WO.10.P.10: Calculate the magnification of lenses:
PH.WO.10.P.10.a: M = h'/h = q/p Where M = magnification; h' = image height; h = object height; q = image distance; p = object distance
Ray Tracing (Lenses)
Ray Tracing (Mirrors)
PH.EM.11: Students shall understand the relationship between electric forces and electric fields.
PH.EM.11.P.1: Calculate electric force using Coulomb's law:
PH.EM.11.P.1.a: F = k(c)(q(i) x q(2)/r²) Where k(c) = Coulomb's constant 8.99 x 10 to the 9th power N times m²/c²
Coulomb Force (Static)
Pith Ball Lab
PH.EM.12: Students shall understand the relationship between electric energy and capacitance.
PH.EM.12.P.4: Construct a circuit to produce a pre-determined value of an Ohm’s law variable
PH.EM.13: Students shall understand how magnetism relates to induced and alternating currents.
PH.EM.13.P.3: Determine the magnitude and direction of the force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field
PH.NP.15: Students shall understand the process of nuclear decay.
PH.NP.15.P.2: Predict the products of nuclear decay
PH.NP.15.P.3: Calculate the decay constant and the half-life of a radioactive substance
Exponential Growth and Decay - Activity B
Half-life
Correlation last revised: 3/25/2010