(Framing Text): Co-Requisite - Characteristics of Science

S8CS1: Students will explore the importance of curiosity, honesty, openness, and skepticism in science and will exhibit these traits in their own efforts to understand how the world works.

S8CS1.a: Understand the importance of—and keep—honest, clear, and accurate records in science.

Pendulum Clock

S8CS1.b: Understand that hypotheses can be valuable even if they turn out not to be completely accurate.

Diffusion
Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Effect of Temperature on Gender
Pendulum Clock

S8CS2: Students will use standard safety practices for all classroom laboratory and field investigations.

S8CS2.b: Demonstrate appropriate techniques in all laboratory situations.

Diffusion
Hearing: Frequency and Volume

S8CS3: Students will have the computation and estimation skills necessary for analyzing data and following scientific explanations.

S8CS3.b: Find the mean, median, and mode and use them to analyze a set of scientific data.

Effect of Temperature on Gender
Seed Germination

S8CS3.d: Decide what degree of precision is adequate, and round off appropriately.

Unit Conversions 2 - Scientific Notation and Significant Digits

S8CS3.f: Use ratios and proportions, including constant rates, in appropriate problems.

Beam to Moon (Ratios and Proportions)
Estimating Population Size

S8CS4: Students will use tools and instruments for observing, measuring, and manipulating equipment and materials in scientific activities utilizing safe laboratory procedures.

S8CS4.a: Use appropriate technology to store and retrieve scientific information in topical, alphabetical, numerical, and keyword files, and create simple files.

Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Pendulum Clock

S8CS4.b: Use appropriate tools and units for measuring objects and/or substances.

Triple Beam Balance

S8CS5: Students will use the ideas of system, model, change, and scale in exploring scientific and technological matters.

S8CS5.b: Understand that different models (such as physical replicas, pictures, and analogies) can be used to represent the same thing.

Ocean Mapping

S8CS6: Students will communicate scientific ideas and activities clearly.

S8CS6.a: Write clear, step-by-step instructions for conducting scientific investigations, operating a piece of equipment, or following a procedure.

Real-Time Histogram

S8CS6.c: Organize scientific information in appropriate tables, charts, and graphs, and identify relationships they reveal.

Pendulum Clock

S8CS8: Students will be familiar with the characteristics of scientific knowledge and how it is achieved. Students will apply the following to scientific concepts:

S8CS8.a: When similar investigations give different results, the scientific challenge is to judge whether the differences are trivial or significant, which often requires further study. Even with similar results, scientists may wait until an investigation has been repeated many times before accepting the results as meaningful.

Effect of Temperature on Gender
Growing Plants
Seed Germination

S8CS9: Students will understand the features of the process of scientific inquiry. Students will apply the following to inquiry learning practices:

S8CS9.a: Investigations are conducted for different reasons, which include exploring new phenomena, confirming previous results, testing how well a theory predicts, and comparing different theories. Scientific investigations usually involve collecting evidence, reasoning, devising hypotheses, and formulating explanations to make sense of collected evidence.

Pendulum Clock

S8CS9.b: Scientific investigations usually involve collecting evidence, reasoning, devising hypotheses, and formulating explanations to make sense of collected evidence.

Diffusion
Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Effect of Temperature on Gender
Hearing: Frequency and Volume
Pendulum Clock

S8CS9.c: Scientific experiments investigate the effect of one variable on another. All other variables are kept constant.

Diffusion
Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Effect of Temperature on Gender
Pendulum Clock
Seed Germination

S8CS9.f: Scientists use technology and mathematics to enhance the process of scientific inquiry.

Diffusion
Electromagnetic Induction
Pendulum Clock

(Framing Text): Co-Requisite - Content

S8P1: Students will examine the scientific view of the nature of matter.

S8P1.c: Describe the movement of particles in solids, liquids, gases, and plasmas states.

Phase Changes
Temperature and Particle Motion

S8P1.d: Distinguish between physical and chemical properties of matter as physical (i.e., density, melting point, boiling point) or chemical (i.e., reactivity, combustibility).

Density Experiment: Slice and Dice
Density Laboratory
Mineral Identification
Phase Changes

S8P1.e: Distinguish between changes in matter as physical (i.e., physical change) or chemical (development of a gas, formation of precipitate, and change in color).

Chemical Changes
Density Experiment: Slice and Dice

S8P1.g: Identify and demonstrate the Law of Conservation of Matter.

Chemical Changes
Chemical Equations

S8P2: Students will be familiar with the forms and transformations of energy.

S8P2.a: Explain energy transformation in terms of the Law of Conservation of Energy.

Air Track
Energy Conversion in a System
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics

S8P2.b: Explain the relationship between potential and kinetic energy.

Energy Conversion in a System
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics
Sled Wars

S8P2.c: Compare and contrast the different forms of energy (heat, light, electricity, mechanical motion, sound) and their characteristics.

Radiation

S8P2.d: Describe how heat can be transferred through matter by the collisions of atoms (conduction) or through space (radiation). In a liquid or gas, currents will facilitate the transfer of heat (convection).

Conduction and Convection
Heat Absorption
Heat Transfer by Conduction
Herschel Experiment
Radiation

S8P3: Students will investigate relationship between force, mass, and the motion of objects.

S8P3.a: Determine the relationship between velocity and acceleration.

Free Fall Tower
Free-Fall Laboratory

S8P3.c: Demonstrate the effect of simple machines (lever, inclined plane, pulley, wedge, screw, and wheel and axle) on work.

Ants on a Slant (Inclined Plane)
Levers
Pulley Lab
Wheel and Axle

S8P4: Students will explore the wave nature of sound and electromagnetic radiation.

S8P4.a: Identify the characteristics of electromagnetic and mechanical waves.

Longitudinal Waves
Ripple Tank

S8P4.b: Describe how the behavior of light waves is manipulated causing reflection, refraction diffraction, and absorption.

Basic Prism
Color Absorption
Heat Absorption
Refraction

S8P4.d: Describe how the behavior of waves is affected by medium (such as air, water, solids).

Longitudinal Waves
Refraction
Ripple Tank

S8P4.e: Relate the properties of sound to everyday experiences.

Longitudinal Waves

S8P4.f: Diagram the parts of the wave and explain how the parts are affected by changes in amplitude and pitch.

Hearing: Frequency and Volume
Ripple Tank

S8P5: Students will recognize characteristics of gravity, electricity, and magnetism as major kinds of forces acting in nature.

S8P5.a: Recognize that every object exerts gravitational force on every other object and that the force exerted depends on how much mass the objects have and how far apart they are.

Gravitational Force

S8P5.b: Demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of series and parallel circuits and how they transfer energy.

Circuit Builder

S8P5.c: Investigate and explain that electric currents and magnets can exert force on each other.

Electromagnetic Induction
Magnetism