1: Properties and Principles of Matter and Energy

1.1: Changes in properties and states of matter provide evidence of the atomic theory of matter

1.1.A: Objects, and the materials they are made of, have properties that can be used to describe and classify them

1.1.A.a: Compare the densities of regular and irregular objects using their respective measures of volume and mass

Density Experiment: Slice and Dice
Density Laboratory

1.1.A.b: Identify pure substances by their physical and chemical properties (i.e., color, luster/reflectivity, hardness, conductivity, density, pH, melting point, boiling point, specific heat, solubility, phase at room temperature, chemical reactivity)

Calorimetry Lab
Circuit Builder

1.1.D: Physical changes in states of matter due to thermal changes in materials can be explained by the Kinetic Theory of Matter

1.1.D.a: Using the Kinetic Theory model, explain the changes that occur in the distance between atoms/molecules and temperature of a substance as energy is absorbed or released during a phase change

Phase Changes

1.1.E: The atomic model describes the electrically neutral atom

1.1.E.b: Calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons of an element/isotopes given its mass number and atomic number

Element Builder

1.1.E.c: Describe the information provided by the atomic number and the mass number (i.e., electrical charge, chemical stability)

Electron Configuration
Element Builder

1.1.F: The periodic table organizes the elements according to their atomic structure and chemical reactivity

1.1.F.a: Explain the structure of the periodic table in terms of the elements with common properties (groups/families) and repeating properties (periods)

Electron Configuration
Ionic Bonds

1.1.F.c: Predict the chemical reactivity of elements, and the type of bonds that may result between them, using the Periodic Table

Covalent Bonds
Electron Configuration
Ionic Bonds

1.1.G: Properties of objects and states of matter can change chemically and/or physically

1.1.G.a: Distinguish between physical and chemical changes in matter

Chemical Changes

1.1.H: Chemical bonding is the combining of different pure substances (elements, compounds) to form new substances with different properties

1.1.H.a: Describe how the valence electron configuration determines how atoms interact and may bond

Covalent Bonds
Electron Configuration
Ionic Bonds

1.1.H.b: Compare and contrast the types of chemical bonds (i.e., ionic, covalent)

Ionic Bonds

1.1.I: Mass is conserved during any physical or chemical change

1.1.I.a: Compare the mass of the reactants to the mass of the products in a chemical reaction or physical change as support for the Law of Conservation of Mass

Chemical Equations

1.2: Energy has a source, can be stored, and can be transferred but is conserved within a system

1.2.A: Forms of energy have a source, a means of transfer (work and heat), and a receiver

1.2.A.a: Differentiate between thermal energy (the total internal energy of a substance which is dependent upon mass), heat (thermal energy that transfers from one object or system to another due to a difference in temperature), and temperature (the measure of average kinetic energy of molecules or atoms in a substance)

Calorimetry Lab

1.2.A.b: Differentiate between the properties and examples of conductors and insulators

Circuit Builder

1.2.A.c: Describe sources and common uses of different forms of energy: chemical, nuclear, thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic

Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics

1.2.A.f: Interpret examples of heat transfer (e.g., home heating, solar panels) as convection, conduction, or radiation

Herschel Experiment

1.2.B: Mechanical energy comes from the motion (kinetic energy) and/or relative position (potential energy) of an object

1.2.B.c: Distinguish between examples of kinetic and potential energy (i.e., gravitational) within a system

Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics

1.2.B.d: Describe the effect of work on an objectÂ?s kinetic and potential energy

Pulley Lab

1.2.E: Nuclear energy is a major source of energy throughout the universe

1.2.E.a: Describe how changes in the nucleus of an atom during a nuclear reaction (i.e., nuclear decay, fusion, fission) result in emission of radiation

Nuclear Decay

1.2.F: Energy can be transferred within a system as the total amount of energy remains constant (i.e., Law of Conservation of Energy)

1.2.F.b: Compare the efficiency of systems (recognizing that, as work is done, the amount of usable energy decreases)

Pulley Lab

1.2.F.c: Classify the different ways to store energy (i.e., chemical, nuclear, thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic) and describe the transfer of energy as it changes from kinetic to potential, while the total amount of energy remains constant, within a system (e.g., using gasoline to move a car, photocell generating electricity, electromagnetic motor doing work, energy generated by nuclear reactor)

Energy Conversion in a System
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics

2: Properties and Principles of Force and Motion

2.1: The motion of an object is described by its change in position relative to another object or point

2.1.A: The motion of an object is described as a change in position, direction, and speed relative to another object (frame of reference)

2.1.A.b: Analyze the velocity of two objects in terms of distance and time (i.e., verbally, diagrammatically, graphically, mathematically)

Distance-Time Graphs
Golf Range
Shoot the Monkey

2.1.B: An object that is accelerating is speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction

2.1.B.a: Measure and analyze an objectÂ?s motion in terms of speed, velocity, and acceleration (i.e., verbally, diagrammatically, graphically)

Distance-Time Graphs
Free-Fall Laboratory
Golf Range
Shoot the Monkey

2.1.C: Momentum depends on the mass of the object and the velocity with which it is traveling

2.1.C.a: Compare the momentum of two objects in terms of mass and velocity

2D Collisions
Air Track
Roller Coaster Physics

2.1.C.b: Explain that the total momentum remains constant within a system

2D Collisions
Air Track

2.2: Forces affect motion

2.2.A: Forces are classified as either contact forces (pushes, pulls, friction, buoyancy) or non-contact forces (gravity, magnetism), that can be described in terms of direction and magnitude

2.2.A.a: Identify and describe the forces acting on an object (i.e., type of force, direction, magnitude in Newtons) using a force diagram

Atwood Machine
Pith Ball Lab

2.2.B: Every object exerts a gravitational force on every other object

2.2.B.a: Describe gravity as an attractive force among all objects

Gravitational Force
Pith Ball Lab

2.2.B.b: Compare and describe the gravitational forces between two objects in terms of their masses and the distances between them

Gravitational Force
Pith Ball Lab

2.2.B.d: Recognize all free falling bodies accelerate at the same rate due to gravity regardless of their mass

Free-Fall Laboratory
Golf Range
Shoot the Monkey

2.2.D: NewtonÂ?s Laws of Motion explain the interaction of mass and forces, and are used to predict changes in motion

2.2.D.a: Recognize that inertia is a property of matter that can be described as an objectÂ?s tendency to resist a change in motion, and is dependent upon the objectÂ?s mass (NewtonÂ?s First Law of Motion)

Fan Cart Physics

2.2.D.b: Determine the effect (i.e., direction and magnitude) of the sum of the forces acting on an object (i.e., net force)

Atwood Machine
Pith Ball Lab

2.2.D.c: Using information about net force and mass determine the effect on acceleration (NewtonÂ?s Second Law of Motion)

Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics

2.2.D.d: Identify forces acting on a falling object (i.e., weight, air resistance) and how those forces affect the rate of acceleration

Free-Fall Laboratory

2.2.D.e: Analyze force pairs (i.e., action/reaction forces) when given a scenario (e.g., handball hits concrete wall, shotgun firing) and describe their magnitudes and directions. (NewtonÂ?s Third Law of Motion)

Fan Cart Physics

2.2.E: Perpendicular forces act independently of each other

2.2.E.a: Predict the path of an object when the net force changes

Atwood Machine

2.2.F: Work transfers energy into and out of a mechanical system

2.2.F.d: Describe and analyze the relationships among force, distance, work, efficiency, and power

Pulley Lab

6: Composition and Structure of the Universe and the Motion of the Objects Within It

6.2: Regular and predictable motions of objects in the universe can be described and explained as the result of gravitational forces

6.2.C: The regular and predictable motions of a planet and moon relative to the Sun explain natural phenomena, such as day, month, year, shadows, moon phases, eclipses, tides, and seasons

6.2.C.a: Predict the moon rise/set times, phases of the moon, and/or eclipses when given the relative positions of the moon, planet, and Sun

3D Eclipse
Moonrise, Moonset, and Phases

6.2.C.b: Explain how the gravitational forces, due to the relative positions of a planet, moon, and Sun, determine the height and frequency of tides

Tides

6.2.D: Gravity is a force of attraction between objects in the solar system that governs their motion

6.2.D.a: Explain orbital motions of moons around planets, and planets around the Sun, as the result of gravitational forces between those objects

Orbital Motion - Kepler's Laws

7: Scientific Inquiry

7.1: Science understanding is developed through the use of science process skills, scientific knowledge, scientific investigation, reasoning, and critical thinking

7.1.A: Scientific inquiry includes the ability of students to formulate a testable question and explanation, and to select appropriate investigative methods in order to obtain evidence relevant to the explanation

7.1.A.a: Formulate testable questions and hypotheses

Pendulum Clock
Sight vs. Sound Reactions

7.1.A.b: Analyzing an experiment, identify the components (i.e., independent variable, dependent variables, control of constants, multiple trials) and explain their importance to the design of a valid experiment

Diffusion
Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Effect of Temperature on Gender
Pendulum Clock
Seed Germination

7.1.A.c: Design and conduct a valid experiment

Coral Reefs 2 - Biotic Factors
Diffusion
Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Effect of Temperature on Gender
Pendulum Clock
Real-Time Histogram
Seed Germination

7.1.A.d: Recognize it is not always possible, for practical or ethical reasons, to control some conditions (e.g., when sampling or testing humans, when observing animal behaviors in nature)

Diffusion
Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Pendulum Clock

7.1.A.f: Acknowledge there is no fixed procedure called Â?the scientific methodÂ?, but that some investigations involve systematic observations, carefully collected and relevant evidence, logical reasoning, and some imagination in developing hypotheses and other explanations

Effect of Temperature on Gender
Pendulum Clock
Seed Germination

7.1.B: Scientific inquiry relies upon gathering evidence from qualitative and quantitative observations

7.1.B.c: Determine the appropriate tools and techniques to collect, analyze, and interpret data

Triple Beam Balance

7.1.D: The nature of science relies upon communication of results and justification of explanations

7.1.D.a: Communicate the procedures and results of investigations and explanations through:

7.1.D.a.2: drawings and maps

Ocean Mapping

7.1.D.a.3: data tables (allowing for the recording and analysis of data relevant to the experiment such as independent and dependent variables, multiple trials, beginning and ending times or temperatures, derived quantities)

Identifying Nutrients

8: Impact of Science, Technology and Human Activity

8.3: Science and technology affect, and are affected by, society

8.3.B: Social, political, economic, ethical and environmental factors strongly influence, and are influenced by, the direction of progress of science and technology

8.3.B.a: Identify and describe major scientific and technological challenges to society and their ramifications for public policy (e.g., global warming, limitations to fossil fuels, genetic engineering of plants, space and/or medical research)

Human Karyotyping

8.3.B.b: Identify and evaluate the drawbacks (e.g., design constraints, unintended consequences, risks) and benefits of technological solutions to a given problem (e.g., use of alternative energies to reduce the use of carbon fuels, use of satellite communications to gather information)

Trebuchet