1: Interactions Within Ecosystems

1.1: Ecosystems

1.1.1: identify questions related to a local ecosystem such as â??What types of species live in a particular ecosystem?â??

1.1.1.a: describe an ecosystem as a group of interacting living and nonliving things

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors
Pond Ecosystem

1.1.1.b: identify examples of ecosystems within Newfoundland and Labrador. Include:

1.1.1.b.ii: forest

Forest Ecosystem

1.1.1.c: list examples of organisms that live in each ecosystem

Pond Ecosystem

1.2: Components of an Ecosystem

1.2.1: demonstrate the importance of choosing words that are scientifically appropriate

1.2.1.a: define and use terms in context. Include:

1.2.1.a.ii: abiotic

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors
Pond Ecosystem

1.2.1.a.iii: biotic

Pond Ecosystem

1.2.1.a.iv: species

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors

1.2.1.a.v: organism

Pollination: Flower to Fruit

1.2.1.a.vi: population

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors
Food Chain
Rabbit Population by Season

1.2.1.a.viii: habitat

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors

1.2.2: investigate the biotic and abiotic factors of a local ecosystem

Pond Ecosystem

1.2.7: evaluate individual and group processes used in planning, decision making, and completing a task

1.2.7.a: describe the following abiotic factors of local ecosystems

1.2.7.a.i: intensity of sunlight

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors
Pond Ecosystem

1.2.8: use a key to identify the biotic factors observed in the local ecosystem

Pond Ecosystem

1.2.9: describe interactions between biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem. Include:

1.2.9.i: biotic-abiotic

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors
Pond Ecosystem

1.2.9.ii: abiotic-abiotic

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors
Pond Ecosystem

1.2.9.iii: biotic-biotic

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors
Pond Ecosystem

1.3: Interactions Within an Ecosystem

1.3.1: describe interactions between biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem.

1.3.1.b: define and give examples of parasitism, mutualism and commensalism

Virus Lytic Cycle

1.3.2: investigate an interaction between a biotic and an abiotic factor in an ecoystem

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors
Pond Ecosystem

1.3.3: design and carry out an experiment controlling major variables

Coral Reefs 2 - Biotic Factors
Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Growing Plants
Pendulum Clock
Real-Time Histogram
Seed Germination
Temperature and Sex Determination - Metric
Time Estimation

1.3.4: organize, compile and display data using tables

Graphing Skills
Identifying Nutrients

1.3.5: defend a given position on an issue or problem based on their findings

Estimating Population Size

1.3.6: identify the niche of producers, consumers, and decomposers in a local ecosystem

1.3.6.a: define and use in context the terms producer, consumer and decomposer

Food Chain
Forest Ecosystem

1.3.6.b: define herbivores, carnivores and omnivores in terms of different types of consumers

Food Chain
Forest Ecosystem
Prairie Ecosystem

1.3.7: given a diverse group of organisms, classify them as producers, consumers, or decomposers

Food Chain
Forest Ecosystem

1.4: Energy Flow in an Ecosystem

1.4.3: describe how energy is supplied to, and how it flows through, a food chain

1.4.3.a: explain how producers use light energy, carbon dioxide, and water (photosynthesis) to produce energy for the ecosystem

Cell Energy Cycle
Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors
Pond Ecosystem

1.4.3.b: define food chain

Food Chain
Prairie Ecosystem

1.4.3.c: construct simple food chains using local examples

Food Chain
Prairie Ecosystem

1.4.3.d: classify the organisms within food chains as producers, herbivores, carnivores and omnivores

Food Chain
Forest Ecosystem
Prairie Ecosystem

1.4.4: apply the concept of a food web as a tool for interpreting the structure and interactions of an ecosystem

1.4.4.a: define food web

Forest Ecosystem

1.4.4.b: interpret food webs using organisms from local ecosystems

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors
Forest Ecosystem

1.5: Ecological Succession

1.5.2: predict what an ecosystem will look like in the future based on the characteristics of the area

1.5.2.a: define pioneer species

Dichotomous Keys
Human Evolution - Skull Analysis

1.5.2.b: define climax community

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors

1.5.3: construct a flow chart of images to illustrate the changes occurring during primary and secondary succession. Include:

1.5.3.ii: forest re-growth after fire (secondary)

Forest Ecosystem

1.5.3.a: describe the ecosystem changes that occur in the examples above. Include:

1.5.3.a.ii: plant types

Growing Plants

1.5.6: provide examples of how our understanding of boreal forest ecology has influenced our harvesting practices identifying the positive effects of these practices

Forest Ecosystem

1.6: Environmental Action

1.6.1: propose and defend a course of action to protect the local habitat of a particular organism

1.6.1.a: describe how humans have influenced the environment. Include:

1.6.1.a.i: habitat loss/ destruction

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors

1.6.1.a.iii: pollution

Water Pollution

1.6.1.b: debate the pros and cons of habitat conservation

1.6.1.b.b: Cons

1.6.1.b.b.i: artificial habitats

Coral Reefs 1 - Abiotic Factors

2: Heat

2.1: Describing Temperature

2.1.1: relate personal activities in formal and informal settings to temperature

2.1.1.c: predict and identify the temperature of various familiar objects. Include:

2.1.1.c.ii: temperatures of boiling and freezing water

Phases of Water

2.2: Measuring Temperature

2.2.1: provide examples of temperature measuring technologies used in the past. Include:

2.2.1.a: identify scales used in temperature measurement. Include:

2.2.1.a.iii: Kelvin

Temperature and Particle Motion

2.3: Temperature and Matter

2.3.1: define temperature using the Particle Theory of Matter

2.3.1.a: define matter

Mineral Identification

2.3.1.b: describe the Particle Theory of Matter. Include:

2.3.1.b.i: all matter is made up of tiny particles.

Temperature and Particle Motion

2.3.1.c: define kinetic energy as the energy that particles have due to motion

Temperature and Particle Motion

2.3.2: explain how each state of matter reacts to changes in temperature

2.3.2.a: describe and compare the three states of matter using the particle theory of matter in terms of:

2.3.2.a.i: volume

Measuring Volume

2.3.3: explain changes of state using the Particle Theory of Matter. Include:

2.3.3.i: melting

Phases of Water

2.3.3.ii: freezing

Phases of Water

2.3.3.iii: evaporation

Phases of Water

2.3.4: state a hypothesis, carry out an experiment, identify and control major variables and state a conclusion based on experimental data

Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Growing Plants
Pendulum Clock
Seed Germination
Sight vs. Sound Reactions
Temperature and Sex Determination - Metric

2.3.5: use heating and measuring tools accurately and safely

Triple Beam Balance

2.3.6: organize, compile and display data using tables and graphs

Graphing Skills
Identifying Nutrients

2.4: Heat Transfer

2.4.1: compare transmission of heat by conduction, convection, and radiation

2.4.1.a: define conduction, convection and radiation in terms of:

2.4.1.a.ii: state(s) in which it occurs

Phases of Water

2.4.1.b: list common examples of the three processes of heat transfer. Include:

2.4.1.b.i: conduction - cook ware, ice pack

Heat Transfer by Conduction

2.4.1.b.ii: convection - air currents, heating a liquid

Conduction and Convection
Heat Transfer by Conduction

2.4.1.b.iii: radiation - fireplace, sunlight

Herschel Experiment - Metric
Radiation

2.5: Heat Transfer - Home Heating Technologies

2.5.1: provide examples of heat technologies used past and present to heat homes in Newfoundland and Labrador. Include:

2.5.1.iv: air to air heat pump

Heat Transfer by Conduction

2.5.1.v: hot water radiation

Heat Transfer by Conduction

2.5.5: provide examples of how our understanding of evaporation and condensations of liquids resulted in the development of heat pumps

Phases of Water

2.5.6: describe how various surfaces absorb radiant heat

Heat Absorption
Radiation

2.6: Heat Transfer - Conductors and Insulators

2.6.1: design and conduct an experiment to test identified questions, state a hypothesis, identify and control major variables

Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Growing Plants
Pendulum Clock
Real-Time Histogram
Seed Germination
Sight vs. Sound Reactions
Temperature and Sex Determination - Metric
Time Estimation

2.6.3: organize and display data using tables and graphs

Graphing Skills
Identifying Nutrients

2.6.4: state a conclusion, based on experimental data, and explain how evidence gathered supports or refutes an initial idea

Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Pendulum Clock
Seed Germination
Temperature and Sex Determination - Metric

2.6.5: provide examples of insulating technologies used today and in the past. Include:

2.6.5.ii: sod

Trebuchet

2.6.5.iii: fiberglass

Trebuchet

2.6.5.iv: thermos

Trebuchet

2.6.5.a: distinguish between thermal conductors and insulators

Conduction and Convection
Heat Transfer by Conduction

2.7: Temperature Versus Heat - Specific Heat Capacity

2.7.1: compare, in qualitative terms, the specific heat capacities of some common materials. Include:

2.7.1.b: define specific heat capacity

Energy Conversion in a System
Heat Absorption

3: Mixtures and Solutions

3.1: Mixtures and Pure Substances - The Particle Theory

3.1.1: distinguish between pure substances and mixtures using the particle theory of matter.

3.1.1.d: identify examples of various pure substances. Include:

3.1.1.d.iv: oxygen (O2)

Plants and Snails

3.5: Solutions and Solubility

3.5.1: state a hypothesis based on background information or an observed pattern of events.

Temperature and Sex Determination - Metric

3.5.2: identify and delimit questions and problems to facilitate investigation.

Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Hearing: Frequency and Volume
Pendulum Clock
Sight vs. Sound Reactions

3.5.3: identify the line of best fit and interpolate or extrapolate based on the line of best fit.

Estimating Population Size
Pendulum Clock

3.6: Separating Mixtures

3.6.1: using apparatus safely, identify and separate the components of a variety of mixtures. Include:

3.6.1.iii: evaporation

Phases of Water

3.6.2: describe how to use different methods to separate a variety of mixtures. Include:

3.6.2.iii: evaporation

Phases of Water

3.7: Distillation

3.7.3: use tools and instruments safely and accurately when carrying out procedures and collecting data.

Triple Beam Balance

4: Earth's Crust

4.02: Define mineral

Mineral Identification

4.03: List and describe properties of minerals. Include:

4.03.i: colour

Mineral Identification

4.03.ii: streak

Mineral Identification

4.03.iii: lustre

Mineral Identification

4.03.iv: hardness

Mineral Identification

4.04: Use a mineral classification key to investigate questions arising from practical problems

Mineral Identification

4.05: Select appropriate methods and tools for collecting and organizing data to identify minerals

Mineral Identification

4.09: Define igneous rock and describe their formation.

Rock Classification
Rock Cycle

4.12: Relate crystal size in igneous rocks to rate of cooling.

Rock Classification

4.13: Define sedimentary rock.

Rock Classification

4.15: Define metamorphic rock.

Rock Classification

4.16: Describe the formation of metamorphic rocks.

Rock Classification
Rock Cycle

4.19: Sketch and label a diagram of the rock cycle.

Rock Cycle

4.20: Recognize the relationship between various types of rocks (igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic).

Rock Classification

4.26: Recognize that Earthâ??s crust is broken into plates and movement occurs where plate margins meet (plate tectonics).

Plate Tectonics

4.28: Identify Alfred Wegener as the person responsible for proposing the Continental Drift Theory.

Building Pangaea

4.29: Describe the Continental Drift Theory and the evidence supporting it; Include evidence from:

4.29.i: continental fit (paleogeographic)

Building Pangaea

4.29.iv: climate (meteorological)

Coastal Winds and Clouds - Metric

4.30: Identify the technological advances that have provided evidence to support the current theory of Plate Tectonics. Include:

4.30.i: sonar

DNA Analysis

4.31: Identify types of plate boundaries. Include:

4.31.i: Divergent (pulling apart)

Plate Tectonics

4.31.ii: Convergent (pushing together)

Plate Tectonics

4.31.iii: Transform (sliding past)

Plate Tectonics

4.32: Identify convection currents in the Earth as the driving force mechanism behind plate tectonics.

Plate Tectonics

4.36: Identify the Theory of Continental Drift as one early explanation for how our Earth changed over time.

Building Pangaea

4.39: Define earthquakes.

Earthquakes 1 - Recording Station

4.40: Explain why earthquakes occur using the concept of plate tectonics.

Plate Tectonics

4.42: Identify how and where volcanoes form. Include:

4.42.i: areas where plates collide

Plate Tectonics

4.42.ii: areas where plates separate

Plate Tectonics

4.42.iii: areas where plates pass over stationary hot spots

Plate Tectonics

4.43: Organize and analyze data on the geographical distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes to determine patterns and trends.

Earthquakes 1 - Recording Station
Plate Tectonics

4.45: Identify explanations of volcanic and earthquake activity from the past. Include:

4.45.i: Pele

Plate Tectonics

4.47: Define folding and faulting.

Plate Tectonics

4.48: Explain how mountains are formed using the theory of Plate Tectonics. Include:

4.48.i: folding

Plate Tectonics

4.48.ii: faulting

Plate Tectonics

4.48.iii: volcanic eruption

Plate Tectonics

4.59: Define porosity and permeability.

Porosity

4.60: Relate porosity and permeability to soil types.

Porosity

4.62: Carry out procedures controlling the major variables to answer questions arising from practical issues.

Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Pendulum Clock

4.63: Use instruments effectively and accurately for collecting data.

Triple Beam Balance

4.64: Compile, organize and display data, using a tabular format.

Seed Germination

4.65: Interpret patterns and trends in data, and infer and explain relationships among the variables.

Pendulum Clock
Seed Germination

4.66: State a conclusion, based on experimental data, and explain how the data gathered supports or refutes and initial idea.

Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Pendulum Clock
Seed Germination
Temperature and Sex Determination - Metric