C: Chemistry

C.1: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of matter's composition and structure.

C.1.PS.2: Compare and contrast chemical and physical changes, including but not limited to rusting, burning, evaporation, boiling and dehydration

Chemical Changes

C.1.PS.3: Discuss and model the relative size and placement of sub-atomic particles

Element Builder

C.1.PS.4: Illustrate the placement of electrons in the first twenty elements using energy levels and orbitals

Bohr Model of Hydrogen
Bohr Model: Introduction
Electron Configuration
Element Builder

C.1.PS.5: Distinguish among atoms, ions, and isotopes

Element Builder

C.1.PS.6: Model the valence electrons using electron dot structures (Lewis electron dot structures)

Covalent Bonds
Element Builder
Ionic Bonds

C.1.PS.7: Explain the role of valence electrons in determining chemical properties

Electron Configuration

C.1.PS.8: Explain the role of valence electrons in forming chemical bonds

Covalent Bonds
Electron Configuration
Ionic Bonds

C.1.PS.9: Model bonding:

C.1.PS.9.a: ionic

Ionic Bonds

C.1.PS.9.b: covalent

Covalent Bonds

C.1.PS.11: Write formulas for ionic and covalent compounds

Covalent Bonds
Ionic Bonds

C.1.PS.14: Calculate the molar mass of compounds based on average atomic mass.

Stoichiometry

C.2: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of the role of energy in chemistry.

C.2.PS.1: Identify the kinetic theory throughout the phases of matter

Phase Changes

C.2.PS.2: Create and label heat versus temperature graphs (heating curves):

C.2.PS.2.a: solid

Phase Changes

C.2.PS.2.b: liquid

Phase Changes

C.2.PS.2.c: gas

Phase Changes

C.2.PS.2.e: heat of fusion

Phase Changes

C.2.PS.2.f: heat of vaporization

Phase Changes

C.2.PS.4: Compare and contrast Boyle's law and Charles' law

Boyle's Law and Charles' Law

C.2.PS.7: Compare and contrast the emissions produced by radioactive decay:

C.2.PS.7.a: alpha particles

Nuclear Decay

C.2.PS.7.b: beta particles

Nuclear Decay

C.2.PS.7.c: gamma rays

Nuclear Decay

C.3: Students shall compare and contrast chemical reactions.

C.3.PS.1: Identify and write balanced chemical equations:

C.3.PS.1.a: decomposition reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equations

C.3.PS.1.b: synthesis reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equations

C.3.PS.1.c: single displacement reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equations

C.3.PS.1.d: double displacement reaction

Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equations

C.3.PS.1.e: combustion reaction

Chemical Equations

C.3.PS.2: Predict the product(s) of a chemical reaction when given the reactants using chemical symbols and words

Chemical Equations
Equilibrium and Concentration

C.3.PS.3: Balance chemical equations using the Law of Conservation of Mass

Balancing Chemical Equations
Chemical Equations

C.3.PS.4: Determine mole ratio from a balanced reaction equation

Chemical Equations
Limiting Reactants
Stoichiometry

C.3.PS.7: Examine factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions, including but not limited to temperature, light, concentration, catalysts, surface area, pressure

Collision Theory

C.3.PS.8: Identify the observable evidence of a chemical reaction:

C.3.PS.8.c: color change

Chemical Changes

C.4: Students shall classify organic compounds.

C.4.PS.1: Summarize carbon bonding:

C.4.PS.1.b: carbon-carbon (single, double, triple)

Covalent Bonds
Ionic Bonds

C.4.PS.4: Describe organic compounds and their functions in the human body:

C.4.PS.4.a: carbohydrates

Digestive System

C.4.PS.4.b: lipids

Digestive System

C.4.PS.4.c: proteins

Digestive System

P: Physics

P.5: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of the role of energy in physics.

P.5.PS.1: Distinguish among thermal energy, heat, and temperature

Calorimetry Lab
Energy Conversion in a System
Temperature and Particle Motion

P.5.PS.2: Calculate changes in thermal energy using:

P.5.PS.2.a: q = mc(p) delta T

Calorimetry Lab
Energy Conversion in a System

P.5.PS.2.b: Where q = heat energy, m = mass, c(p) = specific heat, delta T = change in temperature

Calorimetry Lab
Energy Conversion in a System

P.6: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of the role of forces in physics.

P.6.PS.1: Analyze how force affects motion:

P.6.PS.1.a: one-dimensional (linear)

Fan Cart Physics

P.6.PS.1.b: two-dimensional (projectile and rotational)

Golf Range
Shoot the Monkey
Uniform Circular Motion

P.6.PS.3: Compare and contrast among speed, velocity and acceleration

Free-Fall Laboratory
Golf Range
Shoot the Monkey

P.6.PS.4: Solve problems using the formulas for speed and acceleration:

P.6.PS.4.a: v = d/t

Free-Fall Laboratory
Golf Range
Shoot the Monkey

P.6.PS.4.b: a = delta v/delta t

Free-Fall Laboratory
Golf Range
Shoot the Monkey

P.6.PS.4.c: Where a = acceleration, v = speed (velocity), delta t = change in time, delta v = change in velocity, t = time and d = distance

Free-Fall Laboratory
Golf Range
Shoot the Monkey

P.6.PS.5: Interpret graphs related to motion:

P.6.PS.5.a: distance versus time (d-t)

Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
Free-Fall Laboratory

P.6.PS.5.b: velocity versus time (v-t)

Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
Free-Fall Laboratory

P.6.PS.5.c: acceleration versus time (a-t)

Free-Fall Laboratory

P.6.PS.6: Compare and contrast Newton's three laws of motion

Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics

P.6.PS.7: Design and conduct investigations demonstrating Newton's first law of motion

Fan Cart Physics

P.6.PS.8: Conduct investigations demonstrating Newton's second law of motion

Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics

P.6.PS.9: Design and conduct investigations demonstrating Newton's third law of motion

Fan Cart Physics

P.6.PS.10: Calculate force, mass, and acceleration using Newton's second law of motion:

P.6.PS.10.a: F=ma

Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics

P.6.PS.10.b: Where f=force, m=mass, a=acceleration

Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics

P.6.PS.11: Relate the Law of Conservation of Momentum to how it affects the movement of objects

2D Collisions
Air Track

P.6.PS.12: Compare and contrast the effects of forces on fluids:

P.6.PS.12.a: Archimedes' principle

Archimedes' Principle
Determining Density via Water Displacement

P.6.PS.13: Design an experiment to show conversion of energy:

P.6.PS.13.a: mechanical (potential and kinetic)

Energy Conversion in a System
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics

P.6.PS.13.c: thermal

Energy Conversion in a System

P.6.PS.13.e: light

Herschel Experiment

P.6.PS.14: Solve problems by using formulas for gravitational potential and kinetic energy:

P.6.PS.14.c: Where KE = kinetic energy, PE = potential energy, m = mass, v = velocity

Air Track
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Potential Energy on Shelves
Roller Coaster Physics

P.7: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of wave and particle motion.

P.7.PS.1: Compare and contrast a wave's speed through various mediums

Ripple Tank

P.7.PS.2: Explain diffraction of waves

Ripple Tank

P.7.PS.3: Explain Doppler effect using examples

Doppler Shift
Doppler Shift Advanced

P.7.PS.4: Calculate problems relating to wave properties:

P.7.PS.4.d: Where gamma = wavelength, f = frequency, T = period, v = velocity

Ripple Tank

P.7.PS.6: Define light in terms of waves and particles

Photoelectric Effect

P.7.PS.9: Illustrate constructive and destructive interference of light waves

Ripple Tank

P.7.PS.10: Differentiate among the reflected images produced by concave, convex, and plane mirrors

Ray Tracing (Lenses)
Ray Tracing (Mirrors)

P.7.PS.11: Differentiate between the refracted images produced by concave and convex lenses

Basic Prism
Ray Tracing (Lenses)

P.8: Students shall demonstrate an understanding of the role of electricity and magnetism in the physical world.

P.8.PS.1: Calculate voltage, current, and resistance from a schematic diagram:

P.8.PS.1.a: Ohm's Law

P.8.PS.1.a.1: V = IR

Advanced Circuits
Circuits

P.8.PS.1.a.2: I = V/R

Advanced Circuits
Circuits

P.8.PS.1.a.3: R = V/I

Advanced Circuits
Circuits

P.8.PS.1.b: Series

P.8.PS.1.b.1: V (source) = V1 + V2 +V3

Advanced Circuits
Circuit Builder
Circuits

P.8.PS.1.b.2: I (source) = I1 = I2 = I3

Advanced Circuits
Circuit Builder
Circuits

P.8.PS.1.b.3: R (total) = R1 + R2 + R3

Advanced Circuits
Circuit Builder
Circuits

P.8.PS.1.c: Parallel

P.8.PS.1.c.1: V (source) = V1 = V2 = V3

Advanced Circuits
Circuit Builder
Circuits

P.8.PS.1.c.2: I (source) = I1 + I2 + I3

Advanced Circuits
Circuit Builder
Circuits

P.8.PS.1.c.3: R(total) = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3

Advanced Circuits
Circuit Builder
Circuits

P.8.PS.1.d: Where = voltage, VI= current, R= resistance

Advanced Circuits
Circuit Builder
Circuits

P.8.PS.3: Calculate electrical energy using electrical power and time:

P.8.PS.3.a: E = Pt

Household Energy Usage

P.8.PS.3.b: Where E = energy, P = Power, t = time

Advanced Circuits
Circuit Builder

P.8.PS.5: Research current uses of electromagnets

Electromagnetic Induction