8.1: An object?s inertia causes it to continue moving the way it is moving unless it is acted upon by a force to change its motion.

8.1.1: Use appropriate tools and techniques to make observations and gather data to determine how forces, including friction, act on an object to change its position over time in relation to a fixed point of reference.

Atwood Machine
Force and Fan Carts
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Roller Coaster Physics

8.1.2: Calculate the average speed of a moving object, and distinguish between instantaneous speed and average speed of an object.

Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs

8.1.3: Create and interpret distance-time graphs for objects moving at constant and nonconstant speeds.

Distance-Time Graphs
Distance-Time and Velocity-Time Graphs
Force and Fan Carts
Graphing Skills

8.1.4: Predict the motion of an object given the magnitude and direction of forces acting on it (net force).

Atwood Machine
Charge Launcher
Coulomb Force (Static)
Force and Fan Carts
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Pith Ball Lab
Roller Coaster Physics
Wheel and Axle

8.1.5: Investigate and demonstrate how unbalanced forces cause acceleration (change in speed and/or direction of an object?s motion).

Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics
Force and Fan Carts
Freefall Laboratory
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics
Uniform Circular Motion

8.1.6: Assess in writing the relationship between an object?s mass and its inertia when at rest and in motion.

2D Collisions
Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics
Force and Fan Carts
Period of Mass on a Spring
Period of a Pendulum
Simple Harmonic Motion
Uniform Circular Motion

8.1.7: Express mathematically how the mass of an object and the force acting on it affect its acceleration.

Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics
Force and Fan Carts
Freefall Laboratory
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Uniform Circular Motion

8.1.8: Design and conduct an experiment to determine how gravity and friction (air resistance) affect a falling object.

Force and Fan Carts
Freefall Laboratory
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine

8.1.9: Illustrate how the circular motion of an object is caused by a center-seeking force (centripetal force) resulting in the object?s constant acceleration.

Uniform Circular Motion

8.2: Reproduction is a characteristic of living systems and it is essential for the continuation of every species.

8.2.1: Relate the continued existence of any species to its successful reproduction and explain in writing the factors that contribute to successful reproduction.

Human Evolution - Skull Analysis

8.2.2: Describe the structure, location and function of chromosomes, genes and DNA and how they relate to each other in the living cell.

Building DNA
Cell Division
DNA Fingerprint Analysis
Human Karyotyping

8.2.3: Illustrate and chart the purpose, cell type (somatic and germ) and resulting chromosome count during cell division in mitosis and meiosis.

Cell Division
Cell Structure
Human Karyotyping
Paramecium Homeostasis

8.2.5: Investigate and report on the role of hormone production as it initiates and regulates the creation of male and female germ cells from birth through adolescence and into adulthood.

Cell Structure

8.2.7: Demonstrate the relationship of corresponding genes on pairs of chromosomes to traits inherited by offspring.

Chicken Genetics
Evolution: Mutation and Selection
Human Karyotyping
Microevolution
Mouse Genetics (One Trait)
Mouse Genetics (Two Traits)
Natural Selection

8.2.8: Describe in writing the role of the germ cells in the formation of the human zygote and its resulting 23 pairs of chromosomes, the 23rd of which determines gender and the other 22 of which determine the characteristics of that offspring.

Cell Structure
Human Karyotyping
Paramecium Homeostasis

8.3: The solar system is composed of planets and other objects that orbit the sun.

8.3.1: Relate the strength of gravitational force between two objects to their mass and the distance between the centers of the two objects and provide examples.

Gravitational Force
Weight and Mass

8.3.2: Describe in writing how gravitational attraction and the inertia of objects in the solar system keep them on a predictable elliptical pathway.

Gravitational Force
Gravity Pitch
Orbital Motion - Kepler's Laws
Rotation/Revolution of Venus and Earth
Solar System
Tides

8.3.3: Distinguish between rotation of Earth on its axis and its elliptical revolution around the sun.

Seasons Around the World
Seasons in 3D
Seasons: Earth, Moon, and Sun
Seasons: Why do we have them?
Solar System

8.3.4: Investigate and report in writing how the Earth?s revolution around the sun affects changes in daylight and seasons.

Seasons Around the World
Seasons in 3D
Seasons: Earth, Moon, and Sun
Seasons: Why do we have them?
Solar System

8.3.5: Compare the revolution times of all the planets and relate it to their distance from the sun.

Orbital Motion - Kepler's Laws
Solar System
Solar System Explorer

8.3.6: Conduct and report on an investigation that shows how the Earth?s tilt on its axis and position around the sun relates to the intensity of light striking the Earth?s surface.

Seasons Around the World
Seasons in 3D
Seasons: Earth, Moon, and Sun
Seasons: Why do we have them?
Solar System

8.3.7: Use a model to demonstrate the phases of the moon relative to the position of the sun, Earth and moon.

2D Eclipse
3D Eclipse
Moon Phases
Moonrise, Moonset, and Phases

8.3.8: Develop a model or illustration to show the relative positions of the Earth, sun and moon during a lunar and solar eclipse and explain how those positions influence the view from Earth.

2D Eclipse
3D Eclipse
Moon Phases
Moonrise, Moonset, and Phases

8.4: In the design of structures there is a need to consider factors such as function, materials, safety, cost and appearance.

8.4.1: Identify the forces acting on a truss, beam and suspension bridge, including compression, tension and gravity using models, pictures or diagrams.

Charge Launcher
Force and Fan Carts

8.4.3: Conduct an experiment to discover and report on a bridge?s ability to support a load based on the interplay of tension and compression forces that result in a net force of zero.

Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics
Inclined Plane - Simple Machine
Pith Ball Lab
Uniform Circular Motion