1: Properties and Principles of Matter and Energy

1.1: Changes in properties and states of matter provide evidence of the atomic theory of matter

1.1.A: Objects, and the materials they are made of, have properties that can be used to describe and classify them

1.1.A.a: Compare the densities of regular and irregular objects using their respective measures of volume and mass

Density Experiment: Slice and Dice
Density Laboratory

1.1.A.b: Identify pure substances by their physical and chemical properties (i.e., color, luster/reflectivity, hardness, conductivity, density, pH, melting point, boiling point, specific heat, solubility, phase at room temperature, chemical reactivity)

Circuit Builder

1.1.D: Physical changes in states of matter due to thermal changes in materials can be explained by the Kinetic Theory of Matter

1.1.D.a: Using the Kinetic Theory model, explain the changes that occur in the distance between atoms/molecules and temperature of a substance as energy is absorbed or released during a phase change

Phase Changes

1.1.E: The atomic model describes the electrically neutral atom

1.1.E.b: Calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons of an element (or isotopes) given its atomic mass (or mass number) and atomic number

Element Builder

1.2: Energy has a source, can be stored, and can be transferred but is conserved within a system

1.2.A: Forms of energy have a source, a means of transfer (work and heat), and a receiver

1.2.A.a: Differentiate between thermal energy (the total internal energy of a substance which is dependent upon mass), heat (thermal energy that transfers from one object or system to another due to a difference in temperature), and temperature (the measure of average kinetic energy of molecules or atoms in a substance)

Calorimetry Lab
Energy Conversion in a System
Temperature and Particle Motion

1.2.A.d: Describe sources and common uses of different forms of energy: chemical, nuclear, thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic

Energy Conversion in a System

1.2.A.g: Interpret examples (e.g., land and sea breezes, home heating, plate tectonics) of heat transfer as convection, conduction, or radiation

Coastal Winds and Clouds
Herschel Experiment

1.2.B: Mechanical energy comes from the motion (kinetic energy) and/or relative position (potential energy) of an object

1.2.B.a: Relate kinetic energy to an objectÂ?s mass and its velocity

Air Track
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics

1.2.B.c: Distinguish between examples of kinetic and potential energy (i.e., gravitational, elastic) within a system

Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics

1.2.B.d: Describe the effect of work on an objectÂ?s kinetic and potential energy

Pulley Lab

1.2.E: Nuclear energy is a major source of energy throughout the universe

1.2.E.a: Describe how changes in the nucleus of an atom during a nuclear reaction (i.e., nuclear decay, fusion, fission) result in emission of radiation)

Nuclear Decay

1.2.F: Energy can be transferred within a system as the total amount of energy remains constant (i.e., Law of Conservation of Energy)

1.2.F.b: Compare the efficiency of systems (recognizing that, as work is done, the amount of usable energy decreases)

Pulley Lab

1.2.F.c: Classify the different ways to store energy (i.e., chemical, nuclear, thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic) and describe the transfer of energy as it changes from kinetic to potential, while the total amount of energy remains constant, within a system (e.g., using gasoline to move a car, photocell generating electricity, electromagnetic motor doing work, energy generated by nuclear reactor)

Energy Conversion in a System
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics

2: Properties and Principles of Force and Motion

2.1: The motion of an object is described by its change in position relative to another object or point

2.1.A: The motion of an object is described as a change in position, direction, and speed relative to another object (frame of reference)

2.1.A.a: Represent and analyze the motion of an object graphically

Distance-Time Graphs

2.1.A.b: Analyze the velocity of two objects in terms of distance and time (i.e., verbally, diagrammatically, graphically, mathematically)

Free-Fall Laboratory
Golf Range
Shoot the Monkey

2.1.B: An object that is accelerating is speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction

2.1.B.a: Measure and analyze an objectÂ?s motion in terms of speed, velocity, and acceleration (i.e., verbally, diagrammatically, graphically, mathematically)

Distance-Time Graphs
Free-Fall Laboratory
Golf Range
Shoot the Monkey

2.1.C: Momentum depends on the mass of the object and the velocity with which it is traveling

2.1.C.a: Compare the momentum of two objects in terms of mass and velocity

2D Collisions
Air Track
Roller Coaster Physics

2.1.C.b: Explain that the total momentum remains constant within a system

2D Collisions
Air Track

2.2: Forces affect motion

2.2.A: Forces are classified as either contact forces (pushes, pulls, friction, buoyancy) or non-contact forces (gravity, magnetism), that can be described in terms of direction and magnitude

2.2.A.a: Identify and describe the forces acting on an object (i.e., type of force, direction, magnitude in Newtons) using a force diagram and calculating net force

Atwood Machine
Coulomb Force (Static)
Pith Ball Lab

2.2.B: Every object exerts a gravitational force on every other object

2.2.B.a: Describe gravity as an attractive force among all objects

Gravitational Force
Pith Ball Lab

2.2.B.b: Compare and describe the gravitational forces between two objects in terms of their masses and the distances between them

Gravitational Force
Pith Ball Lab

2.2.B.d: Recognize all free falling bodies accelerate at the same rate due to gravity regardless of their mass

Free-Fall Laboratory

2.2.C: Magnetic forces are related to electrical forces as different aspects of a single electromagnetic force

2.2.C.a: Recognize changing magnetic fields can produce electrical current and electric currents can produce magnetic forces

Electromagnetic Induction
Magnetic Induction

2.2.D: NewtonÂ?s Laws of Motion explain the interaction of mass and forces, and are used to predict changes in motion

2.2.D.b: Determine the effect (i.e., direction and magnitude) of the sum of the forces acting on an object (i.e., net force)

Atwood Machine
Pith Ball Lab

2.2.D.c: Using information about net force and mass determine the effect on acceleration (NewtonÂ?s Second Law of Motion)

Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics

2.2.D.d: Identify forces acting on a falling object (i.e., weight, air resistance) and how those forces affect the rate of acceleration

Free-Fall Laboratory

2.2.D.e: Analyze force pairs (i.e., action/reaction forces) when given a scenario (e.g., handball hits concrete wall, shotgun firing) and describe their magnitudes and directions. (NewtonÂ?s Third Law of Motion)

Fan Cart Physics

2.2.E: Perpendicular forces act independently of each other

2.2.E.a: Describe the force(s) that keep an object traveling in a circular path

Uniform Circular Motion

2.2.E.c: Predict the path of an object when the net force changes

Atwood Machine
Fan Cart Physics

2.2.F: Work transfers energy into and out of a mechanical system

2.2.F.a: Describe the relationships among work, applied net force, and the distance an object moves

Atwood Machine
Free-Fall Laboratory
Pulley Lab

2.2.F.d: Describe and analyze the relationships among force, distance, work, efficiency, and power

Pulley Lab

5: Processes and Interactions of the EarthÂ?s Systems (Geosphere, Atmosphere, and Hydrosphere)

5.2: EarthÂ?s systems (geosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) interact with one another as they undergo change by common processes

5.2.B: There are internal processes and sources of energy within the geosphere that cause changes in EarthÂ?s crustal plates

5.2.B.e: Describe the effects of the movement of crustal plates (i.e., earthquakes, sea floor spreading, mountain building, volcanic eruptions) at a given location on the planet

Plate Tectonics

5.2.B.f: Articulate the processes involved in the Theory of Plate Tectonics (i.e., uneven heating of the mantle due to the decay of radioactive isotopes, movement of materials via convection currents, movement of continental and oceanic plates along diverging, converging, or transform plate boundaries) and describe evidence that supports that theory (e.g., correlation of rock sequences, landforms, and fossils; presence of intrusions and faults; evidence of sea-floor spreading)

Plate Tectonics

5.3: Human activity is dependent upon and affects EarthÂ?s resources and systems

5.3.A: EarthÂ?s materials are limited natural resources affected by human activity

5.3.A.b: Identify human activities that may adversely affect the composition of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, or geosphere

Coral Reefs 2 - Biotic Factors

6: Composition and Structure of the Universe and the Motion of the Objects Within It

6.1: The universe has observable properties and structure

6.1.A: The Earth, Sun, and moon are part of a larger system that includes other planets and smaller celestial bodies

6.1.A.a: Describe and relate the positions and motions of the Sun-Earth solar system, the Milky-Way galaxy, and other galaxies within the universe (i.e., it is just one of several solar systems orbiting the center of a rotating spiral galaxy; that spiral galaxy is just one of many galaxies which orbit a common center of gravity; the expanding universe causes the distance between galaxies to increase)

Moonrise, Moonset, and Phases
Tides

6.2: Regular and predictable motions of objects in the universe can be described and explained as the result of gravitational forces

6.2.C: The regular and predictable motions of a planet and moon relative to the Sun explain natural phenomena, such as day, month, year, shadows, moon phases, eclipses, tides, and seasons

6.2.C.b: Explain seasonal phenomena (i.e., weather, length of day, temperature, intensity of sunlight) as a consequence of a planetÂ?s axial tilt as it rotates and a planetÂ?s orbital position as it revolves around the Sun

Seasons Around the World
Seasons in 3D
Seasons: Why do we have them?

6.2.C.d: Predict the moon rise/set times, phases of the moon, and/or eclipses when given the relative positions of the moon, planet, and Sun

3D Eclipse
Moonrise, Moonset, and Phases
Tides

6.2.C.e: Explain how the gravitational forces, due to the relative positions of a planet, moon, and Sun, determine the height and frequency of tides

Tides

7: Scientific Inquiry

7.1: Science understanding is developed through the use of science process skills, scientific knowledge, scientific investigation, reasoning, and critical thinking

7.1.A: Scientific inquiry includes the ability of students to formulate a testable question and explanation, and to select appropriate investigative methods in order to obtain evidence relevant to the explanation

7.1.A.b: Analyzing an experiment, identify the components (i.e., independent variable, dependent variables, control of constants, multiple trials) and explain their importance to the design of a valid experiment

Seed Germination

7.1.A.c: Design and conduct a valid experiment

Coral Reefs 2 - Biotic Factors
Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Effect of Temperature on Gender
Pendulum Clock
Real-Time Histogram
Seed Germination

7.1.A.f: Acknowledge there is no fixed procedure called Â?the scientific methodÂ?, but that some investigations involve systematic observations, carefully collected and relevant evidence, logical reasoning, and some imagination in developing hypotheses and other explanations

Diffusion
Effect of Temperature on Gender
Seed Germination

7.1.B: Scientific inquiry relies upon gathering evidence from qualitative and quantitative observations

7.1.B.e: Calculate the range, average/mean, percent, and ratios for sets of data

Effect of Temperature on Gender
Seed Germination

7.1.D: The nature of science relies upon communication of results and justification of explanations

7.1.D.a: Communicate the procedures and results of investigations and explanations through:

7.1.D.a.3: data tables (allowing for the recording and analysis of data relevant to the experiment such as independent and dependent variables, multiple trials, beginning and ending times or temperatures, derived quantities)

Diffusion
Identifying Nutrients

8: Impact of Science, Technology and Human Activity

8.1: The nature of technology can advance, and is advanced by, science as it seeks to apply scientific knowledge in ways that meet human needs

8.1.B: Advances in technology often result in improved data collection and an increase in scientific information

8.1.B.a: Recognize the relationships linking technology and science (e.g., how technological problems may create a demand for new science knowledge, how new technologies make it possible for scientists to extend research and advance science)

Trebuchet