4.1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific reasoning, logic, and the nature of science by planning and conducting investigations in which

4.1.b: objects or events are classified and arranged according to characteristics or properties;

Circuit Builder

4.1.c: appropriate instruments are selected and used to measure length, mass, volume, and temperature in metric units;

Measuring Volume
Weight and Mass

4.1.d: appropriate instruments are selected and used to measure elapsed time;

Elapsed Time

4.1.e: predictions and inferences are made, and conclusions are drawn based on data from a variety of sources;

Forest Ecosystem
Germination

4.1.f: independent and dependent variables are identified;

Pendulum Clock

4.1.g: constants in an experimental situation are identified;

Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Germination
Pendulum Clock

4.1.i: data are collected, recorded, analyzed, and displayed using bar and basic line graphs;

Graphing Skills

4.1.j: numerical data that are contradictory or unusual in experimental results are recognized;

Pendulum Clock

4.1.k: data are communicated with simple graphs, pictures, written statements, and numbers;

Graphing Skills
Ocean Mapping

4.2: The student will investigate and understand characteristics and interactions of moving objects.

4.2.b: changes in motion are related to force and mass;

Force and Fan Carts

4.2.c: friction is a force that opposes motion; and

Force and Fan Carts

4.2.d: moving objects have kinetic energy.

Sled Wars

4.3: The student will investigate and understand the characteristics of electricity.

4.3.a: conductors and insulators;

Circuit Builder

4.3.b: basic circuits;

Circuit Builder

4.3.d: the ability of electrical energy to be transformed into light and motion, and to produce heat;

Energy Conversions

4.3.e: simple electromagnets and magnetism; and

Magnetism

4.4: The student will investigate and understand basic plant anatomy and life processes.

4.4.a: the structures of typical plants and the function of each structure;

Flower Pollination

4.4.b: processes and structures involved with plant reproduction;

Flower Pollination

4.5: The student will investigate and understand how plants and animals, including humans, in an ecosystem interact with one another and with the nonliving components in the ecosystem.

4.5.a: plant and animal adaptations;

Comparing Climates (Customary)

4.5.c: flow of energy through food webs;

Forest Ecosystem

4.5.d: habitats and niches;

Forest Ecosystem

4.6: The student will investigate and understand how weather conditions and phenomena occur and can be predicted.

4.6.b: weather measurements and meteorological tools; and

Observing Weather (Customary)
Observing Weather (Metric)

4.6.c: use of weather measurements and weather phenomena to make weather predictions.

Observing Weather (Metric)

4.7: The student will investigate and understand the organization of the solar system.

4.7.a: the planets in the solar system;

Solar System

4.7.b: the order of the planets in the solar system; and

Solar System

4.7.c: the relative sizes of the planets.

Solar System

4.8: The student will investigate and understand the relationships among Earth, the moon, and the sun.

4.8.a: the motions of Earth, the moon, and the sun;

Eclipse
Phases of the Moon

4.8.b: the causes for Earth?s seasons;

Summer and Winter

4.8.c: the causes for the phases of the moon;

Phases of the Moon