PH.1: The student will plan and conduct investigations in which

PH.1.a: the components of a system are defined;

Pendulum Clock

PH.1.b: instruments are selected and used to extend observations and measurements of mass, volume, temperature, heat exchange, energy transformations, motion, fields, and electric charge;

Energy Conversion in a System
Pendulum Clock

PH.1.c: information is recorded and presented in an organized format;

Diffusion
Effect of Environment on New Life Form
Pendulum Clock

PH.2: The student will investigate and understand how to analyze and interpret data. Key concepts include

PH.2.a: a description of a physical problem is translated into a mathematical statement in order to find a solution;

Estimating Population Size

PH.2.b: relationships between physical quantities are determined using the shape of a curve passing through experimentally obtained data;

Effect of Temperature on Gender
Seed Germination

PH.2.c: the slope of a linear relationship is calculated and includes appropriate units;

Slope - Activity B

PH.5: The student will investigate and understand the interrelationships among mass, distance, force, and time through mathematical and experimental processes. Key concepts include

PH.5.b: uniform circular motion;

Uniform Circular Motion

PH.5.c: projectile motion;

Golf Range
Shoot the Monkey

PH.5.d: Newton's laws of motion;

Atwood Machine

PH.5.e: gravitation;

Gravitational Force
Pith Ball Lab

PH.5.g: work, power, and energy.

Pulley Lab

PH.6: The student will investigate and understand that quantities including mass, energy, momentum, and charge are conserved. Key concepts include

PH.6.a: kinetic and potential energy;

2D Collisions
Air Track
Energy Conversion in a System
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics

PH.6.b: elastic and inelastic collisions; and

2D Collisions
Air Track

PH.7: The student will investigate and understand properties of fluids. Key concepts include

PH.7.a: density and pressure;

Density Laboratory

PH.7.c: Archimedes' principle of buoyancy;

Archimedes' Principle
Determining Density via Water Displacement

PH.8: The student will investigate and understand that energy can be transferred and transformed to provide usable work. Key concepts include

PH.8.a: transformation of energy among forms, including mechanical, thermal, electrical, gravitational, chemical, and nuclear; and

Energy Conversion in a System
Energy of a Pendulum
Inclined Plane - Sliding Objects
Roller Coaster Physics

PH.8.b: efficiency of systems.

Pulley Lab

PH.9: The student will investigate and understand how to use models of transverse and longitudinal waves to interpret wave phenomena. Key concepts include

PH.9.a: wave characteristics (period, wavelength, frequency, amplitude and phase);

Longitudinal Waves
Refraction
Ripple Tank

PH.9.b: fundamental wave processes (reflection, refraction, diffraction, interference, polarization, Doppler effect); and

Basic Prism
Doppler Shift
Doppler Shift Advanced
Longitudinal Waves
Refraction
Ripple Tank
Sound Beats and Sine Waves

PH.10: The student will investigate and understand that different frequencies and wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum are phenomena ranging from radio waves through visible light to gamma radiation. Key concepts include

PH.10.a: the properties and behaviors of radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays; and

Herschel Experiment
Refraction
Ripple Tank

PH.11: The student will investigate and understand, in describing optical systems, how light behaves in the fundamental processes of reflection, refraction, and image formation. Key concepts include

PH.11.c: development and use of mirror and lens equations; and

Ray Tracing (Mirrors)

PH.12: The student will investigate and understand how to use the field concept to describe the effects of gravitational, electric, and magnetic forces. Key concepts include

PH.12.a: inverse square laws (Newton?s law of universal gravitation and Coulomb?s law); and

Coulomb Force (Static)
Gravitational Force
Pith Ball Lab

PH.13: The student will investigate and understand how to diagram and construct basic electrical circuits and explain the function of various circuit components. Key concepts include

PH.13.a: Ohm?s law;

Advanced Circuits
Circuits

PH.13.b: series, parallel, and combined circuits; and

Advanced Circuits
Circuit Builder
Circuits

PH.13.c: circuit components including resistors, batteries, generators, fuses, switches, and capacitors.

Advanced Circuits

PH.14: The student will investigate and understand that extremely large and extremely small quantities are not necessarily described by the same laws as those studied in Newtonian physics. Key concepts include

PH.14.a: wave/particle duality;

Photoelectric Effect